FAIMS mass spectrometry

TR2000DB desktop trace detector Lonestar portable gas analyzer LC/FAIMS/mass spectrometry NEXSENSE C military CWA analyzer... 

DGE a AC AMS APCI API AP-MALDI APPI ASAP BIRD c CAD CE CF CF-FAB Cl CID cw CZE Da DAPCI DART DC DE DESI DIOS DTIMS EC ECD El ELDI EM ESI ETD eV f FAB FAIMS FD FI FT FTICR two-dimensional gel electrophoresis atto, 10 18 alternating current accelerator mass spectrometry atmospheric pressure chemical ionization atmospheric pressure ionization atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization atmospheric pressure photoionization atmospheric-pressure solids analysis probe blackbody infrared radiative dissociation centi, 10-2 collision-activated dissociation capillary electrophoresis continuous flow continuous flow fast atom bombardment chemical ionization collision-induced dissociation continuous wave capillary zone electrophoresis dalton desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization direct analysis in real time direct current delayed extraction desorption electrospray ionization desorption/ionization on silicon drift tube ion mobility spectrometry electrochromatography electron capture dissociation electron ionization electrospray-assisted laser desorption/ionization electron multiplier electrospray ionization electron transfer dissociation electron volt femto, 1CT15 fast atom bombardment field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry field desorption field ionization Fourier transform Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance... 

Wu, S. T., Xia, Y. Q., and Jemal, M. (2007). High-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-FAIMS-MS/MS) multicomponent bioanalytical method development, performance evaluation and demonstration of the constancy of the compensation voltage with change of mobile phase composition or flow rate. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 21 3667-3676. 

The start of this new trend in commercialization may be attributed to the addition of an ESI source to cylindrical FAIMS (field asymmetric IMS), which was then combined with a mass spectrometer. A relatively simple modification between the ESI and mass spectrometer simplified response to the complex ion mixtures created in ESI sources. This received an enthusiastic response and was commercialized as ESI FAIMS MS first by lonAnalytics Corporation (of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) and then by ThermoScientific, which acquired lonAnalytics. They have promoted FAIMS as an ion filter with special phasis on pharmaceutical and drug metabolite measurements by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. ... 

FIGURE 9.13 Schematic of ESI-FAIMS instrument interfaced to quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS). (From Purves and Guevremont, Electrospray ionization high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71(13) 2346-2357. With permission.)... 

Shvartsburg, A.A., Noskov, S.Y., Bryskiewicz, T., Purves, R.W., Smith, R.D., Separation of up to 100 conformers of large protein ions by FAIMS/MS and approach to their structural attribution. Proceedings of the 55th Meeting of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry (Indianapolis, 2007). 

Barnett, D.A., Guevremont, R., Purves, R.W., Determination of parts-per-trillion levels of chlorate, hromate, and iodate hy electrospray ionization/high-field asymmetric waveform ion mohility spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Appl. Spectrosc. 1999, 53, 1367. Guevremont, R., Purves, R.W., Comparison of experimental and calculated peak shapes for three cylindrical geometry FAIMS prototypes of differing electrode diameters. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2005, 16, 349. 

Carnahan, B.L., Tarassov, A.S., Ion mobility spectrometer. US Patent 5,420,424, 1995. Nikolaev, E.N., Vedenov, A.A., Vedenova, I.A., The theory of FAIMS in coaxial cylinders configuration. Proceedings of the 52nd ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Nashville, TN, 2004. 

FAIMS experiments in which the intensity was found to depend on CV [101], They developed their own in-house software, written using MATLAB , to process the mobility data and utilized NMR-based approaches to quantify the compound classes visualized using a plot of mass/charge ratio vs drift time. These values were found to be in good agreement with those predicted. The approach enabled them also to see small components, which were not visible in the conventional mass spectrometry experiment such as 2% free PEG in a PEGylated peptide. 

Borysik, A.J. Read, R Little, D.R. Bateman, R.H. Radford, S.E. Ashcroft, A.E. Separation of beta2-microglobulin conformers by high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectmm. 2004,18, 2229-2234. 

The main advantage of ion mobility analyzers is the addition of another dimension of separation to mass spectrometry. FAIMS improves signal-to-noise ratios by removing isobaric ions that have three-dimensional shapes that are different from those of the analyte. IMS enables the measurement of the cross-sectional areas of ions in addition to the dimensions of retention time, mass and intensity provided by the chromatograph and mass spectrometer, respectively. IMS can also improve the quality of spectra by separating species that overlap chromatographically and would otherwise give mixed spectra. 

Today, electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) are considered the standard ionization techniques for LC-MS/MS due to their predominant advantages in quantitative analysis of drug molecules in various sample matrices with high sensitivity, selectivity, reliability, robustness, and ease of operation. Other techniques, for example, atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI), electron capture atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (EC-APCI), and high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility mass spectrometry (FAIMS) serve as complements to the established ESI and/or APCI technical platforms whenever necessary for an enhanced sensitivity and/or selectivity of a bioanalytical assay [4,5]. 

Atmospheric pressure ionization-field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (API-FAIMS-MS) can find CWAs in food. GD, GB, tabun (GA), and others were spiked into water, oU, commeal, and honey at low microgram per gram levels [55]. This methodology was chosen to achieve low nanogram per gram detection limits for each sample matrix and lower analysis times to 3 min or less. 

FIGURE 20.17 Diagram of an ion s motion as it travels between two parallel plates in a FAIMS analyzer. An illustration of the asymmetric waveform (top) illustrates how the apphcation of the waveform to the upper electrode influences the motion of the ion. Source Guevremont, R. (2004) High-held asymmetric waveform ion mobihty spectrometry a new tool for mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 1058, 3-19. 

Krylov, E.V. (2000) Comparison of the planar and coaxial field asymmetrical waveform ion mobility spectrometer (FAIMS). International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 225,39-51. 

Gabryelski, W. Froese, K. L. Rapid and sensitive differentiation of anomers, linkage, and position isomers of disaccharides using high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS). Journal of the American Society Mass Spectrometry 2003, 14, 265-277. 

McCooeye, M. A., Ells, B., Barnett, D. A., Purves, R. W., and Guevremont, R. (2001). Quantitation of morphine and codeine in human urine using high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) with mass spectrometric detection. J. Anal. Toxicol. 25 81-87. 

The first description of a differential mobility spectrometer is shown in Fig. 9 with a schematic from the 1993 article by Buryakov et al. [8-10], Subsequently, the technology from this team was migrated to the USA [39] and then Canada [40] as field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) with a cylindrical design for the analyzer. The FAIMS analyzer was attached to a mass spectrometer [41], and a line of study on large instrumentation was begun where the FAIMS was an ion filter for the mass spectrometer in environmental and biological studies [42 14], Refinements were made and a commercial inlet for mass spectrometers was introduced [45], but no determinations with... 

Figure 8.4 Comparison of mass spectra of haloacetic acids in a 500-fold diluted EPA 552.1 standard in electrospray MS acquired (a) without, and (b) with the use of high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) (Reproduced from [67] with permission, 1999, American Chemical Society).

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