Factors influencing environmental

Designing with plastics , G.W. Ehrenstein, G. Erhard Hanser Pubis (1984) ISBN 0029487706. Key book sections include (1) design influencing factors, (2) environmental effects on plastics, (3) lifecycle assessment and prediction, (4) cost estimation and (5) design guidelines. 

Environmental Factors Influencing Metal Retention, Availability and Toxicity. 45... 

Synthetic-based muds are mineral oil muds in which the oil phase has been replaced with a synthetic fluid, such as ether, ester, PAO, or linear alkylbenzene, and are available from major mud companies. The mud selection process is based on the mud s technical performance, environmental impact, and financial impact. Synthetic muds are expensive. Two factors influence the direct cost unit or per-barrel cost and mud losses. Synthetic muds are the technical equivalent of oil-based muds when drilling intermediate hole sections. They are technically superior to all water-based systems when drilling reactive shales in directional wells. However, with efficient solids-control equipment, optimized drilling, and good housekeeping practices, the cost of the synthetic mud can be brought to a level comparable with oil-based mud [1308]. 

It has been found that many environmental factors influence the amount and composition of root exudates and hence the activity of rhizosphere microbial populations. Microbial composition and species richness at the soil-plant interface are related either directly or indirectly to root exudates and thus vary according to the same environmental factors that influence exudation. In es.sence, the rhizosphere can be regarded as the interaction between soil, plants and microorganisms. Figure 2 shows some of the factors associated with these interactions, which will be discussed during the course of the chapter. Here we mention briefly the influence of some plant and microbial factors on root exudation and rhizosphere microbial populations, while soil factors are discussed later. 

Psoriasis is a T-lymphocyte-mediated inflammatory disease that results from a complex interplay between multiple genetic factors and environmental influences. Genetic predisposition coupled with some precipitating factor triggers an abnormal immune response, resulting in the initial psoriatic skin lesions. Keratinocyte proliferation is central to the clinical presentation of psoriasis. 

The etiology of breast cancer is unknown, but a number of factors that increase a woman s chances of developing the disease have been identified. These risk factors, as well as information regarding the biology of the disease, suggest that a complex interplay between hormones, genetic factors, and environmental and lifestyle influences all contribute to the etiology of this disease. 

Colon cancer occurs at a much higher rate in industrialized parts of the world such as North America and Europe, whereas the lowest rates are seen in less-developed areas, suggesting that environmental and dietary factors influence the development of colon cancer.2 In addition to these environmental factors, colon cancers are known to develop more frequently in certain families, and genetic predisposition to this cancer is well known. 

Major Environmental Factors Influencing Geochemical-Fate Processes... 

Stromberg, B. E. (1997). Environmental factors influencing transmission . Veterinary Parasitology, 72(3 1), 247-264. 

Addiction A primary chronic neurobiologic disease, with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. It is characterized by behaviors that include one or more of the following 5Cs chronicity, impaired control over drug use, compulsive use, continued use despite harm, and craving. 

Batch cultures are the cultures without an input of fresh medium and an output of cultural broth. Batch cultures are very simple in realization and widely used for estimation of the potential of different strains in hydrogen photoproduction or for study of environmental factors influence on the process [for reference, see Roha et al., 2001 Akkerman et al., 2002],... 

In the Asian region with prevalent monsoon climate and heavy rain events during rain seasons, surface runoff plays the most important role in the environmental pathways of many pesticides. The major factors influencing the amount of pesticides carried away by runoff are as follows (Richter, 1999) ... 

American Petroleum Institute (API), API Publication 2031. Combustible Gas Detector Systems and Environmental and Operational Factors Influencing Their Performance. First Edition, API Washington D.C., 1991. 

Similar types of environmental stress may have different effects on security. Therefore the socioeconomic and political context, in which the environmental stress occurs, has to be taken into consideration while assessing the potential of the conflict of different environmental stress. The factors influencing the relationship between environment and security are so called contextual factors. They can also have either a facilitating or inhibiting effect on this relationship. 

The figure shows that contextual factors influence whether environmental change causes, social, economic and political consequences which in turn impact on security. 

Johnson BT, Heitkamp MA, Jones JR. 1984. Environmental and chemical factors influencing the biodegradation of phthalic acid esters in freshwater sediments. Environ Pollut 8 101-118. 

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