Europium-terbium

The uranium ore from Elliot Lake, Canada, contains yttrium and lanthanides (see Uranium and uranium compounds). In the Jiangxi province of the People s Repubhc of China a large reserve of a rare-earth-containing clay contains over 1,000,000 t of REO. This ore is characterized by having a low cerium content (<5%) but a high content in samarium, europium, terbium, and yttrium compared to the main base REO ores (Table 6). ... 

Different lanthanide metals also produce different emission spectrums and different intensities of luminescence at their emission maximums. Therefore, the relative sensitivity of time-resolved fluorescence also is dependent on the particular lanthanide element complexed in the chelate. The most popular metals along with the order of brightness for lanthanide chelate fluorescence are europium(III) > terbium(III) > samarium(III) > dysprosium(III). For instance, Huhtinen et al. (2005) found that lanthanide chelate nanoparticles used in the detection of human prostate antigen produced relative signals for detection using europium, terbium, samarium, and dysprosium of approximately 1.0 0.67 0.16 0.01, respectively. The emission... 

Beeby, A. Clarkson, I. M. Dickins, R. S. Faulkner, S. Parker, D. Royle, L. de Sousa, A. S. Williams, J. A. G. Woods, M. Non-radiative deactivation of the excited states of europium, terbium and ytterbium complexes by proximate energy-matched OH, NH and CH oscillators an improved luminescence method for establishing solution hydration states. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 1999, (3), 493-503. 

The beginnings of the SOFC are recorded in an early East German University patent (Mobius and Roland, 1968) which shows awareness of many of the variables still being worked upon today. The oxides of lanthanum, zirconium, yttrium, samarium, europium, terbium, ytterbium, cerium and calcium are mentioned as candidate electrolyte materials. The proposed monolithic planar arrangement has, however, been abandoned by many companies, on the example of Allied Signal. One notable exception is a reversion to a circular planar concept by Ceramic Fuel Cells of Australia, UK (Section 4.7). The Rolls-Royce all-ceramic fuel cell (Section 4.3), which is monolithic and has one compliant feature, namely a gap, is a major exception. One modern trend is towards lower SOFC temperatures, with the intermediate-temperature IT/SOFC allowing the use of cell and stack arrangements with some flexibility and manoeuvrability based on new electrolytes, metallic flow plates, electrodes and interconnects. 

Patel V. M. and Joshi J. D., Equilibrium study on the complex formation of europium-, terbium-, dysprosium- and thulium (III) with some oxyacids, thioacids and phenols. J. Indian Chem. Soc. 75 (1998) pp. 100-101. 

Low-temperature studies of solid tris-bipyridine europium, terbium, lanthanum(III), and sodium clathrochelates were performed on UV excitation [390]. The lanthanum (III) and sodium clathrochelates were examined to get more information on the luminescent properties of the ligand. These clathrochelates showed luminescence at temperatures below 100 K upon longwave UV excitation corresponding to ligand-centred absorption. The quantum yield of the ligand phosphorescence is co 0.02. An increase of temperature results in a drastic decrease in the luminescence intensity, and at 100 K it becomes equal to zero (Fig. 69). 

Matijevic, E. and Hsu, W.P., Preparation and properties of monodispersed colloidal particles of lanthanide compounds. 1. Gadolinium, europium, terbium, samarium, cerium(lll), J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 118, 506, 1987. 

Nazarov MV, Jeon DY, Kang JH, Popovici E-J, Muresan L-E, Zamoiyanskaya MV, Tsukerblat BS (2004) Luminescence properties of europium-terbium double activated calcium tungstate phosphor. Solid State Commun 131 307-311 Nazeri PP, Trzaskoma-Paulette PP, Bau D (1997) Synthesis and properties of cerium and titanium oxide thin coatings for corrosion protection of 304 stainless steel. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 10 317-331 NdFeB-info.com, 2015... 

The lanthanide ions, particularly those near the middle of the series, samarium, europium, terbium, and dysprosium, form complexes that often emit visible radiation when excited in the near-ultraviolet. This emission spectrum can be analyzed by essentially the same procedure as for the absorption spectrum except that the nature of the emission process will generally yield additional information concerning the ground multiplet of the ion. The technique can be applied to solutions and solids but in solution various processes operate to reduce the intensity of the emitted light and to broaden the bands which can result in a reduction of the amount of information that can be obtained. 

Beeby A, Clarkson IM, Dickins RS, EauUmer S, Parker D, Royle L, et al. Non-Radiative Deactivation of the Excited States of Europium, Terbium and Ytterbium Complexes by Proximate Energy-Matched OH, NH and CH Oscillators an Improved Luminescence Method for Estabhshing Solution Hydration States. J Chem Soc, Perkin Trans 2 1999 1999 493-503. 

Basic chlorides and hydroxides of europium, terbium and holmium. Zh. 

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