Ethylene polymers derived from

A dispersant that can be used in drilling fluids, spacer fluids, cement slurries, completion fluids, and mixtures of drilling fluids and cement slurries controls the rheologic properties of and enhances the filtrate control in these fluids. The dispersant consists of polymers derived from monomeric residues, including low-molecular-weight olefins that may be sulfonated or phosphonated, unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, ethylenically unsaturated anhydrides, unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, vinyl alcohols and diols, and sulfonated or phosphonated styrene. The sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, and carboxylic acid groups on the polymers may be present in neutralized form as alkali metal or ammonium salts [192,193]. 

Natural rubber, chemically speaking poly(W.v-1,4-isoprene), is a natural polymer derived from Hevea brasiliensis and various other tropical plants like Castilloa elastica [147]. This natural polymer is mainly produced in Asia and the tropics in high, industrially relevant, amounts (e.g., 9.7 Mio mto in 2007). Apart from its usual use as an elastomeric material, some research was devoted onto the metathesis degradation (depolymerization) of natural rubber with ethylene in a CM fashion. It was believed that metathesis of natural rubber is impossible, until a pioneering... 

Other polymeric substrates, such as poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) and graft polymers derived from hydroxyl group containing crosslinked polystyrene and ethylene oxide are also nsed as solid phases. In the latter example diisopropylcarbodiimide is used in the coupling reaction. Also, diisopropylcarbodiimide/HOBt is used in the solid phase synthesis of polypeptides. Ammonium salts derived from polymer bound N-hydroxysuccinimide are also used in the EDC mediated amidation reaction. ... 

Figure 10. Core-level spectra of the plasma polymers derived from trifiuoro-ethylene, , 1-difiuoroethylene, and fiuoroethylene...

The use of tailored polymeric materials offers the potential for a significant reduction in the dielectric constant of the insulating layer. Polymers within the polyimide family have received significant attention for this application in the recent literature [2]. This paper reports on the use of new thermosetting polymers derived from bis-benzocyclobutene(bis-BCB) monomers[3,4] for use in multilayer electronic structures [5]. Figure 1 shows two monomers which show particular promise for electronic applications.These are ethylene-linked bisbenzocyclo-butene (BCB-1) and a... 

These include the vinyl addition polymers derived from common monomers like methyl methacrylate [9], acrylonitrile [10-12], styrene [13],butadiene [14], 4-vinylpyridine [15],acrylamide [15],andtetrafluoro ethylene [16]. In addition, selective polymers like polyfvinyl alcohol) [17],poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) [18], polyfethylene glycol) (PEG) [19], and others [20] have also been used. 

Photosensitized crosslinking of polymers has been the subject of numerous publications [l - 30], concerned mainly with poly(ethylene), poly(vinyl alcohol), various vinyl copolymers, copolymers of maleic anhydride and/or phtalic anhydride with styrene and some polymers derivated from cinnamic acid. The following compounds were used as sensitizers benzophenone, 4-chloro- and 4,4-dimethylbenzophenone [l, 3-6, 8, 9l, oC -and -derivatives of anthraquinone [3, 23] acetophenone, hydroquinone, triphenylmethane and pyridine li.] chlorobenzene and no less than trichlorinated n-paraffins [6], a complex of zink chloride with o-dia-nizidine fill potassium bichromate [l2j, anthracene fl3, 14] 2,5-methoxy-4-amino-trans-stilbene [l5], benzyl ideneacetophenone fl6-l8] -thiophenylacetophenone,... 

For water management in agriculture, cross-linked polyacrylamides are used for water retention and for soil moisture [HOL 05]. In contrast, polymers and copolymers of ethylene glycol are used to promote infiltration of water. The recycling of wastewater uses for the step of clarification (flocculation and sludge conditioning) polymers derived from polyamines or aciylamide. 

Acrylic adhesives are essentially acrylic monomers which achieve excellent bonding upon polymerization. Typical examples are cyanoacrylates and ethylene glycol dimethacrylates. Cyanoacrylates [28] are obtained by depolymerization of a condensation polymer derived from a malonic acid derivative and formaldehyde. 

S.L. Bourke, J. Kohn, Polymers derived from the amino acid 1-tyrosine polycarbonates, polyarylates and copolymers with poly(ethylene glycol), Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 55 (2003) 447-466. 

Polyolefin Polymer derived from an olefinic monomer—ethylene,... 

In all the above processes, the macromolecular stracture of starch is destroyed and the polymers derived from the ensuing monomers are totally diffo-ent from it. It is important to emphasize that the same monomers (e.g. ethylene, sugars and dextrin) can be produced from other sources, both renewable, such as cellulose and sugar cane, and non-renewable such as oil. 

Blends included 70-90 wt% of a polymer derived from Wong and Varrall (1994) ethylene and at least rate higher alpha-olefin (e.g.,... 

Table 16.1 lists several important polymers derived from ethylene and substituted ethylenes, along with their common names and most important uses. 

PACA are hard glassy polymers with a high polarity , and this explains their adhesive properties (Coover et al., 1959). The adhesive action of alkyl 2-cyanoacrylates was discovered during an investigation of a series of polymers derived from 1,1-disubstituted ethylenes. It was found that certain compounds of general structure ... 

Table 29.1 Polymers Derived from Ethylene and Substituted Ethyienes ...

Among the chemically-defined macromolecular stimulators of interferon production are the synthetic polymers derived from ethylene maleic anhydride or polyacrylic acid. The structural requirements appear to be a molecular weight of 17,000 or greater and a saturated aliphatic carbon chain with carboxylated groups in alternate or adjacent positions on two out of every four or five carbons. These einionic copolymers are active in vivo in mice against Friend leukemia virus and stimulate the produc tion of interferon in man. 

PET is a step-growth (condensation) polymer derived from terephthalic acid (TPA) or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and ethylene glycol (EG) according to the... 

---