Sludge conditioning

Discussion on Cd(Il) from Aqueous Solutions by Fungal Adsorbents and Sludge Conditioning, http //poai3.ev.nctu.edu... 

Because the WAO process also aims to reduce sludge volume we will spend more time describing this process under the section dealing with Volume Reduction. The other thermal sludge conditioning method is best-known as sludge pasteurization, and deserves more than just a brief overview. 

Tannin blend concentrates primarily intended for oxygen-scavenging duty in steam boilers. They generally are offered as dark-brown to black, blended products of 25 to 50% active strength. Here, tannins provide an additional benefit of sludge conditioning at no extra cost. 

PCA 16 is available as Beldene 161/164 (50/35% w/w solids), Acumer 4161 (50%), and Polysperse (50%). These are low-phosphorus content materials that have found application in boiler FW formulations because of excellent sludge conditioning and particulate dispersion properties. The number 16 represents a 16 1 w/w ratio of acrylic acid and sodium hypophosphite, giving PCA 16 a MW range of 3,300 to 3,900. PCA 16 is particularly effective for the control of calcium carbonate and sulfate deposition. It is usually incorporated with other polymers in formulations and is approved for use under U.S. CFR 21, 173.310. 

Tannins are typically used in BW at 150 to 200 ppm active tannin product, but perhaps only a third of this is related to its polymeric sludge conditioning functionality. 

Amuda, O.S. and Amoo, I.A., Coagulation/flocculation process and sludge conditioning in beverage industrial wastewater treatment, Journal Hazardous Materials, 141, 778-783, 2007. 

Waste pickle liquors from these operations can often be of use to sanitary waste treatment systems for phosphate control and sludge conditioning. Some industrial firms can use spent process waste from pickling operation. Iron in the waste is used as a coagulant in wastewater treatment systems.1415... 

L. K. Wang, Chemical Sludge Conditioning, US Dept, of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, PB85-178440-AS, Oct., 1984. 

Amerfloc . [Drew Ind. Div.] Polymers flocculant and coagulant aid for sludge conditioning, dewatering industrial slurries, water clarification. 

Identified microbial Identified photo-degradates in the chemical degra-aquatic environment dates (environ-and in activated mental sludge conditions)... 

Sludge conditioning Anaerobic digestion Anaerobic digestion Anaerobic digestion... 

Sludge conditioning/stabilization Aerobic digestion Anaerobic digestion Chemical treatment, e.g., lime addition Heat treatment Composting... 

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