Ethylene bis-stearamide

Lubricants may also be used to enhance flow and mould release. Materials used are usually of low moleeular weight, contain a hydrocarbon component and an amide component, and are typified by ethylene bis(stearamide). 

Applications The method is in use for the determination of water extractable organics in PA6 and PA4.6, and for alkane extraction of waxes from HDPE (in nitrogen atmosphere to prevent oxidation) [156]. Ethylene-bis-stearamide (EBA) can be extracted from ABS in 30 min using intermittent extraction in this case quantitative Soxhlet extraction was not possible. Nelissen [157] has used intermittent extraction with MTBE for the analysis of the flame retarder system of Tribit 1500 GN30. 

SEC-RI/UV has also been used to analyse some 26 thioorganotin compounds, organotin carboxylates and chlorides, essentially PVC stabilisers, and some of their main by-products and related compounds (thioesters and dithioesters, n-alkanes) [803]. Not all organotin chlorides were stable in the adopted analysis conditions. N, Ai -ethylene-bis-stearamide and -oleamide in common plastics (ABS, SAN, PUR, LDPE, PA6.6) can be analysed by SEC after derivatisation with trifluo-roacetic anhydride. SEC analysis of fatty alcohol ethoxy-lates (FAE), used as nonionic surfactants, has also been described [759]. 

TABLE 5.15 Effect of ethylene bis stearamide (EBS)/zinc stearate on flexural strength and flexural modulus of a WPC (60% wood flour, 40% HDPE, integrate coupling agents)... 

Nopcowax. [Henkel] Ethylene bis-stearamide synthetic wax, binder, thickener fm latex fmmulation, coatings, adhesives used in powd. metallurgy as intmnal lubricant... 

Ethylene bis (stearamide) N,N-Ethylene bisstearamide Ethylenebisstea-roamide Ethylenebis (stearylamide). See Ethylene distearamide... 

CAS 110-30-5 68955-45-3 EINECS/ELINCS 203-755-6 273-277-0 Synonyms 1,2-Bis (octadecanamido) ethane 1,2-Bis (stearoylamino) ethane N, N-Bis-stearoylethylenediamide N, N -Distearoylethylenedi-amine N,N -1,2-Ethanediylbisoctadecanamide Ethylene bis (stearamide) N,N -Ethylene bisstearamide Ethylenebisstearoamide Ethylenebis (stearylamide) Ethylenediamine bisstearamide Ethylenediamine steardiamide N,N -Ethylenedistearamide N,N -Ethylene distearylamide Octadecanamide, N,N -1,2-ethanediylbis- Octade-canamide, N,N -ethylenebis- Stearic acid, ethylenediamine diamide Classification Diamide Empirical C58H76N2O2... 

Ethylenebis (oxyphenyl-2,1-eneazo)) bis (N-(2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl)-3-oxobutyramide. See Pigment yellow 180 Ethylene, 1,2-bis(propyl sulfonyl)-, (E)-. See trans-1,2-Bis (n-propylsulfonyl) ethene Ethylene bis (stearamide) N,N -Ethylene bisstearamide Ethylenebisstearoamide Ethylenebis (stearylamide). See Ethylene distearamide... 

Fatty amide waxes (erucic, oleic, ethylene-bis-stearamide)... 

Polystyrene andABS. Average lubricant concentration 0.35 percent. One to 3 percent mineral oil, butyl oleate or stearate as internal lubricants for melt flow 0.1 to 0.5 percent stearic acid, Zn stearate, or fatty amides for mold release. Polyethylene wax, montan wax, ethylene-bis-stearamide, or glycerol monostearate for ABS. 

Mold release agents Prevent adhesion between two surfaces (e.g., sticking of polymer and metal mold) Derivatives of fatty acids. Montan wax, silicones, diethylene glycol monostearate, ethylene bis (stearamide)... 

Af,Af -Ethylene bis-stearamide (Acrawax C ) n. A lubricant used in acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins, PVC, and polystyrenes. 

Fatty amides. Fatty amides possess unique mold release properties. Simple primary fatty amides are used as slip and mold release agents primarily in polyolefins but also in a variety of other polymers. The more complex bis-amides, such as ethylene bis-stearamide, offer mold release as well as internal and external lubricity functions in materials such as PVC and ABS. 

Slip agents often consist of amide waxes with about 22 carbon atoms, containing a cA-double bond to prevent them from crystallising. Erucamide, oleamide, stearamide and ethylene bis-stearamide are preferred. They do not usually perform very well as antiblocking agents, although a few substances can perform both roles. 

Lubricants can be fatty acids such as stearic acid or hydroxy stearic acid, esters such as stearates, amides or alcohols. Copolymers of styrene and an acrylate can be used. Paraffin and the montan waxes, ethylene bis-stearamide (EBS, or amide wax ), the oxidised polyethylene waxes, and other polyolefin waxes are also employed. 

Primary amides, calciiun stearate, ethylene bis-stearamide, erucamide, fluoropolymers and silicones can be employed in polymers other than PVC. PTFE can also be used in polyamide processing, improving the friction and wear properties of gears and other engineering components. ABS and SAN benefit from the addition of zinc stearate or a secondary bis-amide, sometimes in combination with glyceryl monostearate or a fatty acid amine. Engineering plastics can be lubricated by secondary amides, aliphatic esters such as palmitates and sebacates, and silicones. 

A few companies have reduced their commitment to polymer additives. The Swiss company Lonza places increasing emphasis on pharmaceutical intermediates in its European operations, but also makes oleochemicals for plastics. Other additive products include plasticisers, both general-pm tose types and linear phthalates, together with polymeries and trimellitates. It is a leading supplier in the US of polymer lubricants such as EBS (ethylene bis-stearamide) and other amide waxes. First half profits overall were down 16% in 2004. Research and development expenditure in 2003 amoimted to US 65 M. A new CEO, Stefan Borgas, has been appointed from BASF. 

A general class of lubricants is alkyl acids and their derivatives (esters, amides, alcohols, and metallic salts). Esters, including fatty esters, polyol esters, and wax esters, are reasonably compatible with PVC. They are also used in polystyrene and acrylic polymers. High-molecular-weight esters are used as external lubricants, and low-molecular-weight esters are used as internal lubricants. Simple primary fatty amides possess unique mold-release properties and are used as slip and mold-release agents for polyolefins and other polymers. The more complex bisamides, such as ethylene bis-stearamide, offer mold release as well as internal and external lubricity in materials such as PVC and ABS. Fatty alcohols are used primarily in rigid PVC. They are used as both internal and external lubricants, and they are useful when clarity is important. 

Primary amides for slip/antiblock agents in LDPE, LLDPE, PP films. Lubricants can tie up catalyst residues, usually calcium stearate stearates and ethylene bis-stearamide waxes are sometimes used in processing of fine powdered polyolefins erucamides preferred for films and mouldings fluoropolymer alloys give better use of machinery methacrylate-reactive silicones... 

Secondary amide Synthetic resin/ glyceride/acid Ethylene bis-stearamide Ethylene bis-oleamide... 

Fig. 17. Parts of the positive ion ToF-SIMS spectrum of ethylene bis-stearamide. In fact the material is a mixture of three molecules in which C17H35 and CibHsi groups are approximately equally distributed, as shown by the RCONHCH2CH2+ fragments at m/z 282 and 310 (composition confirmed from accurate mass measurement). The molecular ion region accordingly has an approximately 1 2 1 triplet of peaks. [Similarly in the negative ion spectrum the RCONH fragments give a 1 1 doublet and the [M-H] parent ions form a 1 2 1 triplet.] Reproduced from Ref. 2, by permission of SurfaceSpectra.

Mould release agents, up to 0.2 %, can also be added into the polymerisation process. Zinc stearate is the most widely used mould release agent. External lubricants can be added during or after the finishing process during PS production. The most common external lubricants are N-N ethylene bis stearamide and polyethylene glycol 400. 

Ethylene bis-stearamide/dodecane alkylbenzene sulfonate 0.01 mM SDS Yes 140 -75 Cooled melt on glass [44]... 

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