2-Ethyl-3-hydroxypropionic acid,

This procedure describes an efficient method for the synthesis of >99% enantiomerically pure ethyl glycidate from L-serine. Although preparation of potassium glycidate via cyclization of 3-bromo-2-hydroxypropionic acid,2 and from 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropionic acid (obtained by microbial reduction of chloropyruvic acid)3 was previously reported, the corresponding ethyl ester was never described. An enantioselective synthesis of the 2,3-epoxy acid by oxidation of 2,3-epoxypropanol has also been reported.4... 

Ethyl /3-phenyl-/3-hydroxypropionate has been prepared by esterification of /3-phenyl-/3-hydroxypropionic acid obtained by the addition of hydrogen bromide to cinnamic acid and subsequent hydrolysis.1,2 The procedure given is based on that of Andrijewski 3 and of Blaise and Herman.4... 

Platform chemicals are compounds that serve as building blocks for numerous chemical intermediates and end products. An example is ethylene, which serves as the feedstock for derivatives such as acetaldehyde, ethylene dichloride, ethylene oxide, polyethylene, vinyl acetate, and ethyl acetate. Biobased chemicals such as succinic acid, 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP), and butanol also have the potential to be converted into multiple derivatives, some of which are commodity chemicals and others that are higher-value chemicals. 

Hydroxy-propionic acid 1,3-Propanediol, acrylamide, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, ethyl-3-hydroxypropionic acid, L-alanine, L-serine, malonic acid, propiolactone, poly(3-HP), poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxypropionic acid) Polymers, fine chemicals Cao et al., 1999 Werpy and Petersen, 2004 Zhang etal., 2004 Patel etal., 2006... 

The cyanohydrin synthesis of a-hydroxy acids is very often carried out without isolation or purification of the cyanohydrins. The various techniques for the preparation of the cyanohydrins are discussed elsewhere (method 390). Hydrolysis to the a-hydroxy acids is usually effected by heating with concentrated hydrochloric acid. Excellent directions are given for mandelic acid (52% over-all from benzaldehyde), a-methyl-a-hydroxybutyric acid (65% from methyl ethyl ketone), and eighteen dialkyl- and alkylphenyl-glycolic acids (60-80%). Sodium hydroxide solution is used in the preparation of /S-hydroxypropionic acid from the /S-hydroxy nitrile (80%). ... 

Finanz New Method of Synthesis of Ethyl Esters and Methyl Amides of 3-Phenyl-3-(4-Pyridyl)-3-Hydroxypropionic Acid and 3-Phenyl-3-(2-Pyridyl)-3-Hydroxypropionic Acid 1968 GB 1,106,517... 

Hydroxypropionic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl lactate... 

CAS 97-64-3 EINECS/ELINCS 202-598-0 UN 1192 (DOT) FEMA 2440 Synonyms Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate Ethyl a-hydroxypropionate 2-Hydroxypropionic acid ethyl ester Lactic acid ethyl ester Classification Lactate ester Definition Ethyl ester of lactic acid commercial prod, is a racemic mixt. 

S)-(-)-2-Hydroxypropionic acid, ethyl ester Lactic acid ethyl ester Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, (S)-... 

Ethylidene dichloride) see 1,1-Dichloroethane Ethyl L-lactate (2-Hydroxypropionic acid ethyl ester) Ethyl mercaptan (Ethanethiol)... 

Acrylic acid is an important chemical building block used in the manufacture of polyacrylates and commodity acrylates. Commodity acrylates, such as methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, are utilized in various industrial applications, including coatings, adhesives and sealants, textiles and fibers, polymer additives/impact modifiers, and films. Polyacrylates are extensively used as super absorbent polymers. Bio-based acrylic acid can be obtained through the fermentation of carbohydrates to 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HPA), and further dehydration of 3-HPA gives acrylic acid. 3-HPA could also be used as a precursor to other important chemical building blocks, such as PDO, acrylonitrile, and acrylamide. Via another route, glycerol can be chemically converted to acrylic acid, either by dehydration to acrolein followed by oxidation to the final product or in a one-step oxydehydration. 

Poly(3-hydroxyvaleric acid), see Poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid), 3-ethyl-Poly(4,4 -isopropylidenediphenylene adipate)... 

Ethyl-2-methyl-3-hydroxypropionic acid 2-Ethyl-2-methyl-3-aminopropionic acid Al-Isobutyrylethylene amine V-Isopropyl-3-aminopropionic acid... 

Benzaldehyde dimethylacetal (200 pi, 1.33 mmol) and a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid (37 mg) are added to methyl (2R,3S)-3-(4-nitrobenzenesulfonamido)-3-phenyl-2-hydroxypropionate (315 mg, 0.83 mmol) in toluene 5 ml. The mixture is heated at 100°C under reduced pressure (15 mm mercury) with no condenser. After 1 h the crude reaction mixture is diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (2 times). After drying the organic layer over magnesium sulfate the crude material is purified by column chormatography (silica gel eluting with ethyl acetate/cyclohexane, 35/65) to give the (2S,4S,5R)-2,4-diphenyl-3-(4-nitrobenzenesulfonamido)-5-methoxycarbonyl-l,3-oxazolidine, melting point 118°-120°C. 

ETHYL 2-HYDROXYPROPIONATE see LAJOOO ETHYL a-HYDROXYPROPIONATE see LAJOOO 2-ETHYL-3-HYDROXY-4H-PYRAN-4-ONE see EMA600 ETHYLIC ACID see AAT250 5-ETHYLIDENEBICYCLO(2.2.1)HEPT-2-ENE see EL0500... 

Actylol Acytol ethyl a-hydroxypropionate ethyl-2-hydroxy-propanoate ethyl-2-hydroxypropionate ethyl-S-(-)-2-hydr-oxypropionate 2-hydroxypropanoic acid ethyl ester lactic acid ethyl ester propanoic acid 2-hydroxy-ethyl ester Purasolv EL Solactol. 

Ethyl lactate (ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate) is a nontoxic biodegradable compoxmd naturally found in a variety of food and industrially produced via esterification of lactic acid with ethanol [149]. Both of the components for the production of ethyl lactate are derived from renewable raw material (including low-cost agricultural waste) mainly by the fermentation process. This environmentally benign solvent with high boiling point (154 °C) and low volatility has properties superior to many conventional petroleum-based solvents and can substitute them as an eco-friendly alternative in many reactions [150,151]. The applications of ethyl lactate as a medium for the multicomponent heterocyclic synthesis are exemplified below. 

Fig. 11.2 Total ion current chromatogram (Varian MAT 44 GC-MS) of organic acids extracted using ethyl acetate and diethyl ether from the urine of a patient with propionic acidaemia and separated as their trimethylsilyl derivatives on a 25 m SE-54 WCOT capillary column using temperature programming from 70°C to 220°C at 4 C min Peak identifications are 1, lactate 2, 3-hydroxypropionate 3, 3-hydroxybutyrate 4, 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyrate 5, 3-hydroxyisovalerate 6, 3-hydroxy- -valerate 7, aceto-acetate 8 and 9, 2-methyl-3-hydroxyvalerate 10, 3-oxovalerate 11, 2-methyl-3-oxo-valerate (isomer 1) 12,2-methylacetoacetate 13,2-methyl-3-oxovalerate (isomer 2) 14 propionylglycine 15, glutarate 16, adipate 17, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furoate 18, 2-hydroxyglutarate 19,3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate 20,4-hydroxyphenylacetate 21 and 22, methylcitrate 23,4-hydroxyphenyl-lactate 24, palmitate. (Redrawn with modifications from Truscott et al., 1979)...

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