3 Aminopropionic acid

Profft and Becker248 prepared 4-oxopyrido[l,2- ]pyrimidines (198 R = H, Ph) by reacting <5-valerolactim ethers with 3-aminopropionic acids (196 R = H, Ph). 

Low-molecular-weight a- and /3-amino esters are easily hydrolyzed merely by boiling with water. Also, aqueous barium hydroxide is employed in the preparation of several amino acids, e.g., /3-aminopropionic acid (72%) and a-methyl-y-dimethylaminobutyric acid (90%). m-Nitrobenzoic acid (96%) is best prepared from the corresponding methyl ester by boiling for 10 minutes with 20% sodium hydroxide. Longer heating gives a colored product, and the use of a more dilute base is unsatisfactory. y-Nitrovaleric acid is obtained from its methyl ester by hydrolysis with concentrated hydrochloric acid. ... 

A chemist possesses succinic anhydride and wants to make 3-alanine (3-aminopropionic acid). How should the synthesis be performed ... 

The fundamental property of a surface active agent, as mentioned before, is that it contains both polar and nonpolar moieties in its structure. This property is termed amphiphilicity or amphipathicity, and the substances that possess it are called amphiphiles. An amphiphile can be anionic or cationic, depending on whether its hydrophobic moiety is an anion or a cation. A zwitterion is an ion that possesses both anionic and cationic groups on the hydrophobic moiety and can behave either as an anionic, cationic or neutral species. An example of an ionic type is sodium dodecyl sulfate a cationic dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide a zwitterionic A-dodecyl-3-aminopropionic acid and a nonionic N, AT-dimethyldodecylamine oxide. 

Aminopropionic acid is noncanonical amino acid and chemical precursor. 

The dissociation constants of amino acids can be determined, for example, by titration of the acid. Figure 1.2 shows titration curves for glycine, histidine and aspartic acid. Table 1.2 lists the dissociation constants for some amino acids. In amino acids the acidity of the carboxyl group is higher and the basicity of the amino group lower than in the corresponding carboxylic acids and amines (cf. pK values for propionic acid, 2-propylamine and alanine). As illustrated by the comparison of pK values of 2-aminopropionic acid (alanine) and 3-aminopropionic acid ( 3-alanine), the pK is influenced by the distance between the two functional groups. 

Pantothenic acid, still designated as D-(+)-pantothenic acid, D-(+)-ct,Y-diliy-droxy-P,p-dimethyl butyrylalanine, or iV-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutyryl)-P-alanine, is composed of o-(+)-pantoic acid (2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbu-tyric acid) linked by an amide bond to P-alanine (3-aminopropionic acid) (Fig. 

Pantothenic acid (formerly also known as vitamin Bj, 5-68) occurs in nature only as the (-l-)-D-form, that is the (ft)-enantiomer. (ft)-Pantothenic acid is composed of (-l-)-D-pantoic acid, also known as (ft)-pantoic acid, the systematic name of which is (ft)-2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid. Pantoic acid is linked by an amide bond to the 3-aminopropionic acid (P-alanine). The (S)-enantiomer of pantothenic acid, which is the (-)-L-isomer, is not biologically active and is an antimetabohte of (ft)-pantothenic acid, as are some other structural analogues. The main biologically... 

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