Network Ethernet

If a laboratory needs to share information across a base of users, a standard Ethernet network is provided. This allows file sharing between systems. PCs, Macintosh computers and other workstations can be used as extra terminals. Networking allows the user to ... 

Twisted-pair is one of the most popular methods of cabling because of its flexibility and low costs. It consists of several pairs of wire twisted around each other within an insulated jacket, as shown in Figure 8.11. Twisted-pair is most often found in lOBaseT Ethernet networks, although other systems can use it. 

Hubs are devices used to link several computers together. They are most often used in lOBaseT Ethernet networks. They are also very simple devices. In fact, they are just multiport repeaters. They repeat any signal that comes in on one port and copy it to the other ports (a process that is also called broadcasting). 

C. As a part of the IEEE 802.3 specification, it was stated that CSMA/CD is the standard access method for Ethernet networks. 

DIX Ethernet The original name for the Ethernet network technology. Named after the original developer companies, Digital, Intel, and Xerox. 

One only needs to look at the examples of plug play simplicity provided by the universal serial bus (USB) and modem Ethernet networks in personal computers to realize that technology exists that could make the NeSSI vision a reality. However, that is not to say that an off-the-shelf solution exists. The NeSSI group has been working on defining and evaluating solutions that would fit into the somewhat unique constraints imposed by the chemical and petrochemical processing industries that are the main consumers for NeSSI systems. 

Batch process computers are networked with the VAX computers via a PDARS Ethernet network. Data query PCs are networked with Sun batch processors via the site Ethernet local area network (LAN). Data storage is managed by the cell-level VAXs in a redundant manner. 

In the case of a small enterprise and a single company site, the only additional task in establishing connectivity is to implement interconnections between the PCs and workstations used by the company staff. This is done by building the LAN (local area network) of the organization so that the resources (servers as well as PCs and workstations) are connected to the in-house infrastructure, in most cases an ethernet network, of the company. The required speed of the internal network depends on the traffic estimates. New ethernet solutions allow even gigabit per second transmission. 

Quinn, L. B., and Russell, R. G. (1999), Gigabit Ethernet Networking, Macmillan, New York. 

A bus network is illustrated in Figure 2.13. In bus networks, only one pair of ports can communicate at a time, and commiuiication between the remaining ports is blocked until the network becomes available again. This behavior severely limits the ability of a bus network to support many processing elements. Bus networks were among the first networks deployed in inexpensive, modestly sized, parallel computers, and Ethernet hubs and Ethernet networks... 

Gateways are available to Ethernet networks and ean be developed to other netwoiks if needed, either on a proeessing unit or on a standard PC. 

The choice of a particular network architecture will have a definite bearing on the choice of network adapter cards and less of an impact on the choice of media or network operating system. For instance, an ethernet network architecture requires ethernet adapter cards. As will soon be seen, it is the adapter card which holds the key, or media access control (MAC) layer protocol, which determines whether a network is ethernet, token ring, fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) or any other network architecture. Ethernet runs over thick or thin coaxial cable, shielded or unshielded twisted pair, fiber or wireless—clearly a wide choice of media options. 

Ethernet, adhering to the IEEE 802.3 standard, is a carrier sense multiple access with collision detection-(CSMA/CD-) based network architecture traditionally installed in a bus configuration, but most often installed in a hub-based star physical topology. Every device, most often network adapter cards, attached to an ethernet network has a unique hardware address assigned to it at time of manufacture. As new devices... 

Another positive attribute of FDDI is its ability to interoperate easily with ethernet networks. In this way, a business does not have to scrap its entire existing network in order to upgrade a piece of it to FDDI. An FDDI to ethernet bridge is the specific technology employed in such a setup. 

The terms hub and concentrator or intelligent concentrator are often used interchangeably. Distinctions can be made, however, between these two broad classes of wiring centers, although there is nothing to stop manufacturers from using the terms as they wish. A hub is often the term reserved for describing a stand-alone device with a fixed number of ports, which offers features beyond that of a simple repeater. The type of media connections and network architecture offered by the hub is determined at the time of manufacture as well. For example, a lOBaseT ethernet hub will offer a fixed number of RJ-45 twisted pair connections for an ethernet network. Additional types of media or network architectures are not usually supported. 

Held, G. 1994. Ethernet Networks Design Implementation, Operation and Management. Wiley, New York. Held, G. 1994. Local Area Network Performance Issues and Answers. Wiley, New York. 

Redundant host network A fast Ethernet network may be used as a redundant host network. This facilitates the communication medium for application development, operator interface, and data exchange among nodes. Additionally, there could be peer-to-peer communication for direct transfer of data between nodes over the high-speed Ethernet link. To handle high data traffic, only changes in data are exchanged for getting the best efficiency in peer-to-peer communications. 

Fault tolerant Ethernet network. (A) Fault tolerant Ethernet network, (B) FTE network communication FTE to FTE node commimication four possible commimication paths, (C) FTE network commimication common between 2 Ethernet nodes single possible communication path, (D) FTE network commimication common between FTE Ethernet nodes two possible commimication path. FTE, fault tolerant Ethernet UTP/STP, unshielded twisted pair/sparming tree protocol. 

Possible communication path FTE provides more communication path possibilities than the dual Ethernet networks, as is clear from Table XI/1.4.4-1. 

Full redundancy in a single network A conventional Ethernet network with redundancy usually has two independent Ethernets, and naturally there will be a difference in performance and configuration between the two. However, in an FTE single Ethernet there is no such problem and at the same time it provides multipath capabilities in its unique topology. 

Cunningham, D. and Lane, W. (1999) Gigabit Ethernet Networking, Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. 

The test setup contains three applications that can be distributed freely over an Ethernet network. 

Gilbert held, Ethernet networks, 4th ed, John Wiley and sons,... 

Airhnes Electronic Engineering Committee, Aeronantical Radio INC ARINC Specification 664 P7-1 Aircraft Data Network, Part 7 - Avionics Enll Dnplex Switched Ethernet Network, September 23, 2009... 

Cluster (24 nodes) of PC s equipped with Intel Pentiumll 350 MHz processors and 128 MB per node running Redhat Linux 5.2 [100]. LAM 6.1 [101] was used as a communication library, the options [—O — c2c — nger] were used for fast communication. The PC s were connected using a 100 Mbit Full-Duplex Ethernet network and a 3Com SuperStack II Switch 3300. See ref. [102] for more information about this computer. 

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