Ethernet

CPU. A standard Motorola CPU was selected, which works under a powerful real-time, multi-task operating system (VxWorks), and has embedded Ethernet interface. This CPU also features 4 IP slots to which can be plugged ... 

It is possible to change this CPU board for example to achieve a lOOMbit/s Ethernet rate. 

This completes the outline of FAMUSAMM. The algorithm has been implemented in the MD simulation program EGO VIII [48] in a sequential and a parallelized version the latter has been implemented and tested on a number of distributed memory parallel computers, e.g., IBM SP2, Cray T3E, Parsytec CC and ethernet-linked workstation clusters running PVM or MPI. 

At the lowest level, the aetwork is the physical medium that connects the various pieces of equipmeat. This can be copper wire, often known as Ethernet, or optical fiber, ie, fiber-distributed data iaterface (EDDI). Networks allow transmission of data at nominal speeds of 10 to 100 megabits per second, depending on the physical medium used. 

Networkiag provides easy access to software worldwide. NSENet (National Science Eoundation network), Ethernet (Xerox Corp.), ProNet (Proteon, Inc.), and DECnet (Digital Equipment Corp.) are among the most notable networks (12). 

The experimental facility is a pilot-scale distillation column connected to an industrial ABB MOD 300 distributed control system, which in turn is connected to a VAX cluster. The control system consists of a turbo node (configuration, history, console) remote I/O, and an Ethernet gateway, which allows communication with the VAX-station cluster through the network. This connection allows time-consuming and complex calculations to be performed in the VAX environment. Figure 10 shows the complete setup. 

In addition, new Ethernet firewall cards that fit in the slot of an individual computer bundle additional layers of defense (like encryption and permit/deny) for individual computer transmissions to the network interface function. These new cards have only a slightly higher cost than traditional network interface cards. 

Development Environment. Hardware the hardware currently consists of a Symbolics 3670 workstation, a Symbolics 3640 workstation, and a VAX 750, all connected by Chaosnet (an Ethernet prote-... 

If a laboratory needs to share information across a base of users, a standard Ethernet network is provided. This allows file sharing between systems. PCs, Macintosh computers and other workstations can be used as extra terminals. Networking allows the user to ... 

Object statistics are collected from individual objects. They allow the network engineering analyst to evaluate the performance of specific network nodes or links (a single hub s Ethernet delay or a server balancing change, as in our example). 

Scenariowide object statistics are collected from all relevant objects in a network (e.g., Ethernet delay for every node). They allow the network engineering analyst to easily monitor the performance of all objects of a specific type. 

Contact your local Bruker representative for the actual versions of the two standard WIN-NMR programs and the GETFILE program and for additional information concerning the different dongle types and for detailed description.s of how to install and operate these software tools, or of how to import data using Ethernet, or the Bruker network software NMRLINK, Fastran or Kermit, if you want to use them for your future spectroscopic work. 

Two Bruker DRX-spectrometers, each connected to a INDY-workstation (INDY WS) use FTP to communicate and exchange data files via a thin-wire Ethernet with a SUN workstation, acting as a bridge to the central network (thick-wire Ethernet). FTP is used to send data from both DRX spectrometers via the bridge to the central server workstation (SERVER WS). 

Two Bruker AC spectrometers are connected to a Bridge-PC using NMRLINK. These two PCs are also connected to the central network (thick-wire Ethernet) and exchange data with the central Server Workstation using FTP. A series of PCs, located in laboratories and serving as remote NMR processing stations, are connected via the central network to the central Server Workstation. Most of these remote PCs use NFS for transferring NMR data. Since this communication is restricted to the transfer of NMR data from the central Server to the PC no passwords are required. 

The most convenient way is to use the NFS protocol, which has the effect of the hard disk of the central file server appearing as a normal PC disk (NFS mounted disk). NFS requires an Ethernet adapter and the NFS software, not included with the WINNMR software, to be installed on your PC. File transfer and copy operations of files stored on a NFS mounted disk are accomplished in exactly the same manner, using the same WINDOWS file manager or WIN-NMR commands, as for files stored on the hard disk(s) of your PC. 

Most analyzers incorporate a personal computer (PC) for data acquisition, control, data analysis, presentation/display of results, and communications. Many are integrated via Ethernet-based networks. Two approaches are used either the computer is integrated into the analyzer package, including the visual display and keyboard/control panel (an abbreviated keyboard or a preprogrammed equivalent), or a separate industrial-grade... 

Control network. The control network is the communication link between the individual components of a network. Coaxial cable and, more recently, fiber-optic cable have often been used, sometimes with Ethernet protocols. A redundant pair of cables (dual redundant highway) is normally supplied to reduce the possibility of link failure. 

The physical wiring typically used is the plant standard twisted-pair wiring Tor 4- to 20-mA instrumentation. Because of the networking capability of the bus, more than one device can be supported on a single pair of wires, and thus wiring requirements are reduced. Compared to a host level bus such as Ethernet, field buses exhibit slower communication rates, have longer transmission distance capability (1 to 2 km), use standard two-wire installation, are capable of multidrop busing, can support bus-powered devices, do not have redundant modes of bus operation, and are available for intrinsically safe installations. Devices on the field bus network may be either powered by the bus itself or powered separately. 

Two-dimensional array monochrome or RGB, digital cameras 1,000-10,000 Up to 4,096 x 4,096 Digital, USB 2.0, IEEE 1394, Ethernet RS-170, NTSC, PC-based with custom software... 

Positioning systems can use a network communication configuration, where the components operate as nodes on a network. Network communications protocols include ARCnet, CANbus, DeviceNet (a version of CANbus), Ethernet, PROFIBUS, IEEE 1394 (FireWire), IEEE 1451, Interbus-S, SERCOS, and Seriplex, among others. PC bus-type protocols include the normal backplane ISA/EISA (PC-XT/AT) connection for a PC, MAC PCI (Nubus) for Macintosh computers, Multibus, PC 104, PCI bus, cPCI bus (compact PCI), PCMCIA, VME bus, and VXI. 

Today, coaxial cable with baseband transmission is the most frequently used technique in implementations of LANs, in Ethernet LANs as well as in token ring networks. Transmission rates are mostly between 6 and 16 Mbits/s. Interfacing to coaxial cable is rather simple, especially with Ethernet new nodes can be connected to an existing cable without interrupting the operation of the network. 

Fiber optic cables are especially suited for high speed data transmission. The new FDDI ( Fiber Distributed Data Interconnect ) standard specifies a transmission rate of 100 Mbits/s. The comparison between the Ethernet and FDDI standards are given in Table 9.3. 

Ethernet and real-time applications. Because of the random access method used there is no guaranteed response time within an Ethernet LAN. All nodes have equal priority for getting access to the physical cable. Due to the Ethernet specifications the maximum uninterruptable length of a block of data on the cable is 1500 bytes, corresponding to a transfer time of 1.2 ms. If data, e.g. from an active experiment, is to be transferred in real-time, delays in the order of milliseconds must be tolerable. This should not be a problem, if data can be buffered in local memory of the nodes. If strict timing for the synchronization of processes on... 

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