Ethanol 2-fluoro

Ethanole 2-Fluoro-1-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-1-phenvl- ElOb, 19 (H - F)... 

Examples of perfluoroalkyl iodide addition to the triple bond include free radical addition of perfluoropropyl iodide to 1 -heptyne [28] (equation 21), thermal and free radical-initiated addition of lodoperfluoroalkanesulfonyl fluorides to acetylene [29] (equation 22), thermal addition of perfluoropropyl iodide to hexa-fluoro 2 butyne [30] (equation 23), and palladium-catalyzed addition of per-fluorobutyl iodide to phenylacetylene [31] (equation 24) The E isomers predominate in these reactions Photochemical addition of tnfluoromethyl iodide to vinylacetylene gives predominantly the 1 4 adduct by addition to the double bond [32] Platinum catalyzed addition of perfluorooctyl iodide to l-hexyne in the presence of potassium carbonate, carbon monoxide, and ethanol gives ethyl () per fluorooctyl-a-butylpropenoate [JJ] (equation 25)... 

A sodium carbonate solution of the crude acetic acid was washed with ether and then acidified with hydrochloric acid the required acid was isolated via an ether extraction and was esterified by refluxing for 6 hr with ethanol (370 ml) and concentrated sulfuric acid (15 ml). Excess alcohol was distilled, the residue diluted with water and the required ester isolated in ether. Distillation finally gave ethyl 2-fluoro-4-biphenylacetate,BP 134°C to 136°C/0.25 mm. 

This ester (70 g) and diethyl carbonate (250 mg) were stirred at 90°C to 100°C while a solution of sodium ethoxide [from sodium (7.8 g) and ethanol (1 54 ml)] was added over 1 hr. During addition, ethanol was allowed to distill and after addition distillation was continued until the column heat temperature reached 124°C. After cooling the solution to 90°C, dimethyl sulfate (33 ml) was followed by a further 85 ml of diethyl carbonate. This solution was stirred and refluxed for 1 hr and then, when Ice cool, was diluted with water and acetic acid (10 ml). The malonate was isolated in ether and fractionally distilled to yield a fraction boiling at 148°C to 153°C/0.075 mm, identified as the alpha-methyl malonate. This was hydrolyzed by refluxing for 1 hr at 2.5N sodium hydroxide (350 ml) and alcohol (175 ml), excess alcohol was distilled and the residual suspension of sodium salt was acidified with hydrochloric acid to give a precipitate of the alpha-methyl malonic acid. This was decarboxylated by heating at 180°C to 200°Cfor 30 minutes and recrystallized from petroleum ether (BP 80°C to 100°C) to give 2-(2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)propionic acid, MP 110°C to 111°C. 

IB) 21-Chloro-90i-fluoro- -pregnene-11 160l,170i-triol-3,2Q-d ane 16,17-acetonlde A solution of 200 mg of the acetonide 21-mesylate from part (A) and 900 mg of lithium chloride in 25 ml of dimethylformamide is kept at 100°C for 24 hours. The mixture is poured on ice, extracted with chloroform and the chloroform extract washed with water and dried over sodium sulfate. Evaporation of the solvent in vacuo furnishes the crystalline chloride, which after recrystallization from acetone-ethanol has a melting point about 276°C to 277°C. 

A solution or dispersion consisting of 20.1 g (0.1 mol) of 7-chloro-p-fluorobutyrophenone, 19.8 g (0.2 mol) of 4-methylpiperidine end 0.1 g of potassium iodide in 150 ml toluene is heated in a seeled gless tube for 15 hours at 100°C to 110°C. The potassium iodide and the 4-methylpiperidine hydrochloride formed in the reaction are separated by filtration and the solvent removed from the filtrate by evaporation In vacuum on a steam bath. The residue is distilled and the fraction obtained at 120°C to 125 0 and at a pressure lower than 0.1 mm Hg is collected. The basa Is dissolved in ether and the 4-fluoro-7-(4-methylpiperidino)-butyro-phenone precipitated as the hydrochloride. The reaction product is purified by recrystallization in ethanol/ether. 

The suspension was heated to 90°C, while stirring. The crystals were separated and recrystallized from 2B0 cm of a mixture of DMF (1 volume) and ethanol (4 volumes). After drying in vacuo ovar phosphorus pentoxide, 29.5 g (yield 70%) of 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-pl-perazinyl-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, melting point 222°C, were obtained. 

On prolonged treatment in refluxing 5% aqueous ethanolic sodium hydroxide, 5-acetyl-ll-fluoro-10-(pentafluoroethoxy)-10,l l-dihydro-5f/-dibenz[/>,/]azepine (53) 30 undergoes dehy-drofluorination and deacetylation to give 10-(pentafluoroethoxy)-57/-dibenz[Z>,/]azepine (54) in 92% yield.135... 

Buyuktimkin and Buyuktimkin [20] described a spectrophotometric method of assay of penicillamine and its tablets. An aqueous solution of 100 mg/mL of penicillamine was added to ethanolic 5 mM Sanger reagent (l-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene), solid NaHC03, and water. The solution was diluted and heated at 70 °C for 45 min. After cooling, the solution was diluted with 3% ethanolic HC1. The absorbance of the resulting yellow complex was measured at 355 nm (molar absorptivity = 19,721). Recovery of the drug from commercial tablets was 99.1 0.7%. 

By the way, trifluoroacetaldehyde is a versatile fluoro building block. However the chemical or electrochemical oxidative transformation of trifluoro-ethanol to trifluoroacetaldehyde has been unsuccessful. Trifluoroacetaldehyde is therefore generally produced by the reduction of trifluoroacetic acid ester or acid chloride using an excess of LAH. The anodic substitution at fluoroaikyl phenyl sulfides is a useful alternative because it realizes the transformation of economical trifluoroethanol to highly valuable trifluoroacetaldehyde equivalents as shown in Scheme 6.5. 

Class B Fluoroacetic acid and salts, e.g. sodium fluoroacetate, triethyl-lead fluoroacetate all simple esters of fluoroacetic acid fluoroacetamide and substituted amides fluoroacetamidine hydrochloride fluoroacetyl chloride and fluoride fluoro-ethanol and its simple esters fluoroacetaldehyde. 

The first use of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) as an extraction technique was reported by Zosel [379]. Since then there have been many reports on the use of SFE to extract PCBs, phenols, PAHs, and other organic compounds from particulate matter, soils and sediments [362, 363, 380-389]. The attraction of SFE as an extraction technique is directly related to the unique properties of the supercritical fluid [390]. Supercritical fluids, which have been used, have low viscosities, high diffusion coefficients, and low flammabilities, which are all clearly superior to the organic solvents normally used. Carbon dioxide (C02, [362,363]) is the most common supercritical fluid used for SFE, since it is inexpensive and has a low critical temperature (31.3 °C) and pressure (72.2 bar). Other less commonly used fluids include nitrous oxide (N20), ammonia, fluoro-form, methane, pentane, methanol, ethanol, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), and dichlorofluoromethane [362, 363, 391]. Most of these fluids are clearly less attractive as solvents in terms of toxicity or as environmentally benign chemicals. Commercial SFE systems are available, but some workers have also made inexpensive modular systems [390]. 

The stain/fixation method is usually used for surface markers that can withstand fixation and is followed by the application of a DNA-binding fluoro-chrome. The fixation/stain method is used not only for surface markers that can withstand fixation, but also for intracellular constituents, such as cytoplasmic proteins, nuclear membrane, and nuclear proteins. This is accomplished by using a crosslinking fixative (e.g., paraformaldehyde [PFA] or formalin) followed by a permeabilizing agent (e.g., Triton X-100, Tween-20, saponin, or lysolecithin). Some of the precipitating agents (e.g., ethanol, methanol, or acetone) can also be used for permeabilization after the initial fixation with PFA or formalin, or they can be used alone for both fixation and permeabilization (see Chapter 8). 

Unsaturated amines are hydrogenated at the multiple bonds by catalytic hydrogenation over any catalyst. The double bond in indole was saturated in catalytic hydrogenation over platinum dioxide in ethanol containing fluoro-boric acid and indoline was obtained in greater than 85% yield [456. AUylic amines such as allylpiperidine are also reduced by sodium in liquid ammonia in the presence of methanol (yield 75%) [709. ... 

Heating ethyl 5-fluoro-4-[cyano(ethoxycarbonyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-l-methyl-7-oxo-l//,7//-pyrido[3,2,l-i7]cinnoline-8-carboxylate (83, R = COOEt) in a mixture of cone. HCl and acetic acid gave the 8-carboxy-4-acetic acid derivative (92EUP470578). The acetic acid group was decarboxylated by heating in boiling ethanol in the presence of NEts to give the 4-methyl derivative. When the 4-[cyano(tert-butoxycarbonyl)methyl]-8-carboxylate 83 (R = COOrBu) was treated with trifluoroacetic acid in methylene chloride at room temperature, the 4-cyanomethyl-8-carboxylate 83 (R = H) was obtained. 

Hydroxylamine hydrochloride (8) Hydroxylamine, hydrochloride (9) (5470-11-1) 2,2,2-Trichloro-1-ethoxyethanol Ethanol, 2,2,2-trichloro-1-ethoxy- (8,9) (515-83-3) 2-Fluoroaminobenzene Aniline, o-fluoro- (8) Benzenamine, 2-fluoro- (9) (348-54-9) 7-Fluoroisatin 1 H-lndole-2,3-dione, 7-fluoro- (8,9) (317-20-4)... 

Methylene-l,3-benzoxazin-2-ones 194 were found to be susceptible to addition to the exocyclic double bond. On heating under reflux in ethanol, oxazinones 194 were transformed to the 4-ethoxy derivatives 195. Treatment of 194 with l-chloromethyl-4-fluoro-l,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bis(tetrafluoroborate) (F-TEDA-BF4), an electrophilic fluorinating reagent, in the presence of methanol, led to the 4-fluoromethyl-4-methoxy-substituted compounds 196 (Scheme 34) <2003T8163>. 

Fluorination of adenine derivatives using elemental fluorine (1% F2 in Fie delivered at a rate of 5-10 j.mol F2 min ) gave the C-8 fluoro analogues in moderate yields <1996JA10408>. Although chloroform was the optimum solvent, this was not suitable for less-soluble, unprotected compounds and ethanol was substituted, although a reduction in yield was observed (Scheme 13). 

Dimethyl- and l,3-dimethyl-5-halo-substituted uracil derivatives react with cesium fluor-oxysulfate under mild reaction conditions. The reaction carried out in an acetonitrile/water mixture or in an alcohol (methanol, ethanol, propan-2-ol or /a7-butyl alcohol) results in the regioselective formation of 5-fluoro-6-hydroxy- or 6-alkoxy-5-lluoro-l, 3-dimethyl-5,6-dihydro-uracil derivatives 27, respectively, while the stereochemistry of the reaction is strongly syn predominant.29... 

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