Epoxy resin immobilization

The integrated planar silver chloride electrode uses a thin layer of 150 pm polymer that consists of a heat curing epoxy resin poly-hydroxy-ethylmethacrylate (PHEMA) to immobilize the KC1 electrolyte. The potential drift of the reference electrode reduced to 59 pV/h after a conditioning phase of several hours. However, this reference electrode was only used for P02 measurement, while an external reference electrode was used for pH measurement. 

Spent resins are generally compatible with the polymer matrix material. Generally, the polymer and the resin do not interact chemically. The immobilization of spent ion-exchange resins in polymers is a common application all over the world. Epoxy resins, polyesters, polyethylene, polystyrene and copolymers, polyurethane, phenol-formaldehyde, and polystyrene are among the polymers used (IAEA, 1988). Inorganic materials are generally not immobilized using polymers because they are more acceptable to other immobilization matrices such as cement. 

To determine whether NLO chromophores can be immobilized in highly cross-linked matrices, experiments were carried out in which the high- molecules 4-(dimethylamino)-4 -nitrostilbene (DANS, 3) and Disperse Orange 1 (DOI, 4) were dispersed in an optical grade epoxy resin,... 

Koike, T. Viscoelastic Behavior of Epoxy Resins Before Crosslinking. Vol. 148, pp. 139-188. Kokufuta, E. Novel Applications for Stimulus-Sensitive Polymer Gels in the Preparation of Functional Immobilized Biocatalysts. Vol. 110, pp. 157-178. 

Solvent Solutions. Certain solvent solutions of aromatic amines have been noticed to polymerize epoxy resins at room temperature.11 The effect of the solvent is probably to allow sufficient mobility of the polymer chains for an adequate degree of crosslinking to occur before the viscosity becomes so high that the molecules are immobilized. The aromatic amine solutions are usually used with a cure accelerator to achieve practical cure rates at room temperature. 

Fig. 5. Structure of FET sensor with two discrete FET chips 1, connectingwire 2, epoxy resin 3, platinum wire 4, FET chip 5, enzyme-immobilized membrane 6, epoxy laminate. (Reproduced from Nakako et al. (26), with permission.)...

Fig. 12 Microphotograph of an analyte concentrator fabricated with FAb antibody fragments immobilized to controlled-pore glass silica. The irregularly shaped beads were housed between two frit structures. The analyte concentrator device was connected to two separation capillaries by a Teflon sleeve. The plastic connector was glued to the separation capillaries by an epoxy resin. The entire fabrication process was monitored by an stereo microscope. (For details of experimental conditions, see Ref. 120.)...

The reason for these surprising results is postulated by utilizing a concept of immobilization in the cross-linking mechanism of epoxy resins. The aliphatic di- and polyamines react rapidly at ambient conditions. At the higher temperature, these systems are... 

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a compound which is currently not regulated, but as it exhibits weak estrogenic properties it is a suspected endocrine disrupter [33]. BPA is widely used as a plasticizer in plastics such as polycarbonate and epoxy resins and thus it is a concern for water quahty. Soh et al. developed an SPR immunosensor based on inhibition assay to detect BPA [34]. They used a SPR-20 sensor instrument (DKK, Japan) with the sensor chip modified with thiol monolayer on which BPA was immobilized through BPA succinimidyl ester. Using a monoclonal antibody, detection of BPA in buffer at concentrations as low as 10 ngmL was achieved. Detection time was approximately 30 min and the sensor was demonstrated to be regenerable using... 

Palomo JM, Munoz G, Fernandez-Lorente G et al. (2003) Modification of Mucor miehei lipase properties via directed immobilization on different heterofunctional epoxy resins. Hydrolytic resolution of (R,S)-2-butyroyl-2-phenylacetic acid. J Mol Catal B Enzym 21 201-210 Palomo JM, Ortiz C, Fernandez-Lorente G et al. (2005) Lipase-lipase interaction as a new tool to immobilize and modulate the lipase properties. Enzyme Microb Technol 36 447-454 Park EY, Sato M, Kojima S (2006) Fatty acid methyl ester production using Upase-immobilizing silica particles with different particle sizes and different specific surface areas. Enzyme Microb Technol 39(4) 889-896... 

Palomo, J., G. Munoz, G. Femandez-Lorente, C. Mateo, M. Fuentes, J. M. Guisan, and R. Fernandez-Lafuente. 2003. Modulation of Mucor Miehei Lipase Properties Via Directed Immobilization on Different Hetero-Functional Epoxy Resins Hydrolytic Resolution of (R,S)-2-Butyroyl-2-Phenylacetic Acid. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B Enzymatic 21 (4-6) 201-210. 

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