Enzymes assemblies

C. Bourdillon, C. Demaille, J. Moiroux, and J.M. Saveant, From homogeneous electroenzymatic kinetics to antigen-antibody construction and characterization of spatially ordered catalytic enzyme assemblies on electrodes. Acc. Chem. Res. 29, 529-535 (1996). 

REDOX ENZYME ASSEMBLIES WITH ELECTRON TRANSFER ON ELECTRODE SURFACE... 

Eukaryotic ABC transport system Phosphotransferase system (PTS) Ion-coupled transport system Signal Transduction Two-component system Bacterial chemotaxis MAPK signaling pathway Second messenger signaling pathway Ligand-Receptor Interaction G-protein-coupled receptors Ion-channel-linked receptors Cytokine receptors Molecular Assembly Ribosome assembly Flagellar assembly Enzyme assembly... 

You, J. and Pickaet, C. M. A HECT domain E3 enzyme assembles novel polyubiquitin chains, J Biol Chem, 2001, 276, 19871-8. 

Keywords Biocatalysis Enzymes assembly Supramolecular polymers... 

Fig. 42. Photoindueed reduction of N03 to N02 in an organized assembly composed of NitraR immobilized in an acrylamide-bipyridinium redox polymer. ET-communication between the redox polymer and the enzyme active site takes place in the redox polymer-enzyme assembly...

Figure 3.11 shows the chemical deposition process of GOx enzyme assembled 2-mercaptoethanol on gold that was previously modified by cobalt tetracarboxylic acid chloride phthalocyanine self-assembled monolayer gold. Electrochemical biosensor was introduced in the following steps pretreatment hydrolysis functionalized surface -> enzyme modification. Shervedani and his coworkers reported a similar... 

Urease was the first enzyme whose functional structure was elucidated (see Zimmer, 2000). All together seven polypeptides are needed for functional urease. UreC is the major functional subunit of urease and is large (Collier et al, 1999) relative to the ureA and ureB subunits aU are highly conserved. In addition, four accessory genes, ureD, ureE, ureF, ureG, are needed for enzyme assembly. 

Laughlin MJ, Chantler SE, Okita TW. N- and C-terminal peptide sequences are essential for enzyme assembly, allosteric, and/or catalytic properties of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Plant J. 1998 14 159-168. 

Biosensors constructed from wired enzyme assemblies... 

The alignment and electrical contacting of NAD -dependent enzymes on electrodes was also accomplished by the generation of the NAD enzytne complex and its crosslinking on a conductive, redox-active, polymer that electrically contacts the cofactor-enzyme assembly with the electrode, Fig. 3-23. 

Figure 14.6. CEDIA assay. An analyte is attached to an ED molecule in such a way that the analyte-ED conjugate recombines spontaneously with (F.A), to yield active fi-galactosidase [45]. The addition of analyte-specific antibodies inhibits spontaneous enzyme assembly [46]. Analyte in the patient s serum modulates enzyme assembly so that the signal generated by substrate turn over is directly proportional to analyte concentration.

Recent advances in the development of artificial photosynthetic systems, where native enzymes are coupled to photoinduced ET products, have been reviewed. Chemical means to modify bioactive proteins and to establish electrical communication with photoexcited entities have been addressed. Such functionalized proteins can substitute complex cofactor-enzyme assemblies. Finally, the use of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts, and their functions as cofactor-enzyme models in activation of the substrates and accumulation of electrical charges, have been discussed. 

Tongyao, L., Mirschberger, C., Chooback, L., Arana, Q., Dal Sacco, Z., MacWilUams, H., and Clarke, M. (2002) Altered expression of the 100 kDa subunit of the Dictyostelium vacuolar proton pump impairs enzyme assembly, endocytic function and cytosolic pH regulation./. CellSci. 115,1907-1918... 

Figure 93 Catalytic voltammograms of graphite (PGE/MWNT/Py-BOD). Schemes show hydrogenase-based anodes on graphite (PGE/ the enzyme assembly on the MWNT electro-Hydl) and MWCNTs on graphite (PGE/MWNT/ des, thanks to pyrene derivatives. Adapted Py-Hydl) and of bilirubin oxidase-based cath- with permission from Ref. [40). odes on graphite (PGE/BOD) and MWNTs on...

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