Biocatalysis enzyme

Applications of sol-gel-processed interphase catalysts. Chemical Reviews, 102, 3543-3578. Pierre, A.C. (2004) The sol-gel encapsulation of enzymes. Biocatalysis and Biotransformation, 22, 145-170. Shchipunov, Yu.A. (2003) Sol-gel derived biomaterials of silica and carrageenans. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 268, 68-76. Shchipunov Yu.A. and Karpenko T.Yu. (2004) Hybrid polysaccharide-silica nanocomposites prepared by the sol-gel technique. Langmuir, 20, 3882-3887. 

Mechanisms of Biological Oxidation and Implications for Multi-Enzyme Biocatalysis... 

When, in 1832, Wohler and Liebig first discovered the cyanide-catalyzed coupling of benzaldehyde that became known as the benzoin condensation , they laid the foundations for a wide field of growing organic chemistry [1]. In 1903, Lapworth proposed a mechanistical model with an intermediate carbanion formed in a hydrogen cyanide addition to the benzaldehyde substrate and subsequent deprotonation [2]. In the intermediate active aldehyde , the former carbonyl carbon atom exhibits an inverted, nucleophilic reactivity, which exemplifies the Umpo-lung concept of Seebach [3]. In 1943, Ukai et al. reported that thiazolium salts also surprisingly catalyze the benzoin condensation [4], an observation which attracted even more attention when Mizuhara et al. found, in 1954, that the thiazolium unit of the coenzyme thiamine (vitamin Bi) (1, Fig. 9.1) is essential for its activity in enzyme biocatalysis [5]. Subsequently, the biochemistry of thiamine-dependent enzymes has been extensively studied, and this has resulted in widespread applications of the enzymes as synthetic tools [6]. 

Illanes, A. (2008). Enzyme Biocatalysis Principles and Applications. New York Springer. 

Illanes A (2009) Enzyme biocatalysis principles and applications. Springer, Berlin... 

Amperometric detection of glucose has been carried out in PBS electrolyte based on the bioelectrocatalysis mechanism for GOD-TiCVTi ordinary nanotube array electrode. Both enzymic biocatalysis and electro-reduction reactions can proceed satisfactorily when the working potential is fixed at -0.40 V vs. SCE. Fig. 11A shows that in the presence of glucose, the current signal is generated quickly and then reaches to a steady value. When glucose concentration increases from 0.01 to 1.0 mM, the steady current is quantitatively promoted... 

Biomedical science and health care Electrochemical processes characteristic of living systems are reviewed, including such aspects as applications based on neuroscience, enzyme biocatalysis, adhesion and cell fusion, and electrophoresis. 

Markovits A, Chamy R, lUanes A et al. (2004) Upgrading of residues from Kraft cellulose process by the production of aromas, pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals by enzyme biocatalysis. Final Report, Project FONDEF DOOI 1096, CONICYT, Chile. 

Frock, A.D. and Kelly, R.M. (2012) Extreme thermophiles moving beyond single-enzyme biocatalysis. Curr. Opin. Chem. Eng, 1, 363-372. 

Multicomponent, single pot cascade reactions, coupling and cychzation reactions, new reaction pathways Enzymes (biocatalysis)... 

Enzymes Cofactors (e.g., flavine adenine dinueleotide (FAD), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), ions) Enzymes Activation/deactiva-tion of the enzyme Biocatalysis... 

Fig. 6.67 Classification of the methods for enzyme immobilization. (From A lllanes, R. Fernandez-Lafuente, J.M. Guisan, L Wilson, Heterogeneous enzyme kinetics, in A lllanes (Ed.), Enzyme Biocatalysis, Springer, 2008, pp. 155—203. Copyright 2008 Springer).

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