Environmentally friendly textiles

Ekotech (environmentally friendly textiles) These include new applications for textiles in environmental protection, such as erosion protection, air cleaning, prevention of water pollution, waste treatment, and recycling. 

Polyesters are now one of the economically most important classes of polymers, with an overall world production between 25 and 30 million tons in 2000, consisting mostly of PET. This production is rapidly increasing and is expected to continue to do so during the next decade, driven by packaging applications, due to a very favorable image of environmentally friendly and recyclable polymers in western countries, and by textile applications, due to a strong demand in the far-east area to satisfy the needs of an increasing population. 

Supercritical fluids also find application in the areas of pollution prevention and remediation, and supercritical carbon dioxide is used as a replacement solvent for many hazardous solvents in both extraction and separation processes and also as a reaction medium and in materials processing. Although carbon dioxide is considered as a greenhouse gas , there is actually no net increase in the amount of the gas if it is removed from the environment, used as the solvent instead of a hazardous substance, and returned to the environment. In this way, most of the uses of supercritical carbon dioxide may be considered as environmentally friendly. Because the solubilities of oils and greases in carbon dioxide are high, it is particularly suited to the cleaning of machinery 47 and, as discussed in the literature 48, it is used as a solvent in textile dyeing operations where it is used to treat any dye-laden... 

Conclusion with regard to stock of hypotheses and model Two important actors of the supply chain (auxiliary producers and textile finishers) have been involved in the ARS-system. The clothing industry and the commercial enterprises (bulk good) did not participate. Although the latter supply directly to the customers, assessment systems concerning process related emissions (ARS or OKOTEX 1000) have not yet been of interest (hypotheses 8). The ARS-system and its environmental requirements for waste water motivated the commercial actors in the supply chain to apply to (to strive for ) more transparency and for an environmentally friendly (orientation in the choice of products (hypotheses 7). In addition, (at the) auxihaty producers research activities have been activated, (hypotheses 2). 

In the last few years, further applications for enzymatic processes in textile finishing were developed and - very importantly - the necessary suitable enzymes were found. Large-scale production of such enzymes led to price reductions, which in turn led to more applications, as enzymes were found to be efficacious in the textile industry. Another major reason why enzymatic processes are becoming more popular is the increasing importance of environmentally friendly technologies due to customers demands or restrictions by law. 

There are over 25,000 economically feasible yet environmentally friendly uses for hemp, including diesel fuel, food and beauty products, insulation, textiles, paper, and paints. 

As part of the company s new strategic vision to develop more environmentally-friendly businesses, Toray is expanding its capability in biodegradable polymers based on Nature Works PLA in both textiles and film sectors. 

In the first step of the partnership, BASF provided its eco-efficiency expertise (see Section 6.1.3 for detailed discussion of BASF eco-efficiency analysis) to help Moroccan textile dye works operate in a more efficient and environmentally friendly way. Based on the eco-efficiency analysis and the experience of many years with products and processes in the textile sector, BASF developed a software package, which was given to Moroccan companies free of charge. The software tool substantially simplifies the compilation of an eco-efficiency analysis. It uses key technical data to calculate how the manufacturing process can be improved. 

A cheaper process for the environmentally friendly solvent ethyl lactate uses a membrane to separate ammonia and water by-products. The ammonium lactate made by fermentation of carbohydrates is cracked to lactic acid, which is then esterifled with ethanol. This process eliminates the large amounts of waste salts formed with other processes.248 This solvent has been suggested as a replacement for 80% of the 3.8 million tons of solvent used each year in the United States for electronics, paints, coatings, textiles, cleaning, adhesives, printing, and deicing. 

The OEKO-TEX Standard 100 plus is a product label. With this label, manufacturers certify to their end users that their products have been optimized for human ecology and also their production conditions are environmentally friendly. Products with this label are tested for harmful substances according to OEKO-TEX Standard 100 and produced at environmentally fiiendly production sites according to Sustainable Textile Production (STeP) (Url-15). 

Today consumers and producers have started to be more aware of protecting the environment by preferring more environmentally friendly products and production methods. Many textile and clothing brands have started to promote their goods or services with eco-labels around the world. LCA methodology can be used as one of the objective processes to define key impact areas, evaluate potential environmental threats, make environmental decisions and ensure eco-labelling and certification of textiles. 

Stegmaier, T., Linke, M., Dinkelmann, A., Von Arnim, V., and Plank, H. (2009). Environmentally friendly plasma technologies for textiles, in Sustainable Textiles Life Cycle and Environmental Impact, Chapter 7, Woodhead, Cambridge, pp. 155-178. 

Uses Metal/fiber wetting agent demulsifier stabilizer for chlorinated systems for drawing, stamping, rolling lubricants wastewater stripping oils leather treatment textile spin finishes rust preventive compds. Features Patented forms continuous monomolecular film with rust prevention props. environmentally friendly Properties Gardner 10 max. color vise. 100-140 SUS (100 F) acid no. 6-10 iodine no. 100-130 sapon. no. 170-180 hyd. no. 21-35 pour pt. -6 to 6 F cloud pt. 40 F max. flash pt. (COC) 450 F min. 

Uses Softener, plasticizer used in wax compds., textile softeners and sizes, yarn lubricants, grease sticks, polishes, crayons, candles, leather stuffing, wire drawing compds., paper coatings, and plastics Features Environmentally friendly... 

---