Wetting, fiber

FIBER WETTING CERAMIC METAL CARBON POLYMER... 

There are three main methods to produce CNT-based macroscopic fibers wet spinning, forest drawing and direct spinning from CVD. These are shown schematically in Fig. 8.9. So far, only the first has been applied to produce graphene fibers. 

Sweat glands are also innervated by sympathetic fibers (wet palms due to excitement) however, these are exceptional as regards their neurotransmitter (ACh, p. 106). 

In recent years, mercury film ultramicroelectrodes have received wider application in electroanalytical practice [51,54,55]. Such electrodes are especially useful in analytical determinations, since they combine the features of ultramicroelectrodes (Chap. 12) with those of mercury film electrodes. In this case, the mercury can be deposited on carbon fibers, but many prefer a metallic support which is wetted by mercury. The solubility of the supporting metal in mercury should be low. Iridium [54] and silver [55], as well as platinum and nickel, have been used as supporting metals. Surprisingly, even gold fibers wetted by mercury have been very successfully used as electrodes in microchromatography and capillary electrophoresis detectors (Chap. 27). 

However the foregoing only shows that good impact behavior accompanies incomplete fiber wetting. It does not suggest how this condition increases impact. A mechanism for this increase was proposed by Crug-nola and Litman (1) for asbestos fibers in PVC. They stated that ... 

When the fiber is dried, no differentiation between successive layers of secondary wall fibers can be distinguished. However, when fibers are swelled and viewed at higher magnifications in cross section, lacey, layered patterns become apparent [275]. Figure 5.39 illustrates layering that occurs when fibers wet with water or other liquids such as lower alcohols, ethylene glycol, or glycerin are embedded by polymerization of methyl and butyl methacrylates. 

Fiber wetting, in relation to antistatic propertie.s (567, Table 40), is obtained by additives constituted by the Mannich bases of phosphomus acid, which also serve as fireproofing agents. -" ... 

Glass fiber is used for reinforcement. The glass fiber must be properly surface sized to give the best mechanical performance and fire resistance. Good fiber wetting and low moisture content are also required. 

Glass Transition Temperatures of Various Fibers — Wet and Conditioned... 

Basophen . [BASF/Fibers] Wetting agent, detergent for textile applies., pkg. dyeing. 

SPILL CLEAN-UP Do not dry sweep man-made mineral fibers wet down with water spray to minimize the amount that becomes airborne only trained personnel should clean-up ensure proper ventilation and comply with environmental regulations. 

The reactants have a low viscosity which allows good fiber wetting and packing, are low cost, and can be made to react very rapidly. 

Question by R. F. Robbins, CEL National Bureau of Standards How do you control the fiber wetting in your laminated gaskets ... 

One of the interesting ways fiber bonded materials are incorporated into furnaces is with the use of blankets of fibers wet with colloidal silica from the manufacturing process. The fibers, colloidal silica and additives are formed into the simple shape of a blanket of fibers. While still wet, the blankets are put in plastic bags to prevent water evaporation. These are shipped to the user and the wet blanket is removed from the plastic bag just prior to its being incorporated into the furnace wall. The water is then free to evaporate and the colloidal silica particles bond the structure together into the given shape. 

The process achieves excellent fiber wet-out and allows the use of recycled TPs as well as virgin plastics. Fiber wetting is often a major problem with hot-melt TP pultrusions because TPs have a much higher viscosity than TSs at typical processing temperatures. Outside coatings of most TPs can be applied in-line while pultruding, by using an extruder. 

Uncross-linked, unstretched fiber, wet diameter d — 327 pm 10% stretched fiber, uncross-hnked, d = 253 pm... 

They provide excellent fiber wet-out and good adhesion to the glass fiber. In many cases, they are similar to the amineless than the heat-cured epoxies. 

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