Emulsifying agents stearic acid

Other additives that may be incorporated include sodium hydrogen phosphates as buffering agents to stabilise that pH of the reaction medium, lauryl mercaptan or trichlorethylene as chain transfer agents to control molecular weight, a lubricant such as stearic acid and small amounts of an emulsifier such as sodium lauryl sulphate. 

The emulsifying agent was prepared from stearic acid and triethanolamine. Give the name of this salt. Write its formula. 

Polystyrene beads (PS) are employed as physical templates for macropore. The emulsifier-tee emulsion polymerization method used here allows for the synthesise of nearly monodisperse latex beads of PS in the size of ca. 100 nm [10]. PS beads were prepared using 700 ml degassed water, 54 ml styrene monomer, 0.65 g potassium persulhite as initiator, and 20 ml divinylbenzene as cross-linkmg agent. PS beads were obtained at 70°C and 350 rpm, and dried under ambient condition. Aluminum fec-butoxide and stearic acid were separately dissolved in parent alcohol,. rec-butyl alcohol, at room tempature, and then the two solutions were mixed. Appropriate amount of HNO solution was dropped into the mixture at a rate of I ml/min to acidify and hydrolyze the aluminum precursor. PS beads were added into aluminum hydroxide solution after stirring for 10 h. The final pH of the reactant was approximately 7. Organic templates, both stearic acid and PS bead, were easily removed tern dried aluminum hydroxide by calcination. The overall synthetic procedure is as shown in Fig. 1. 

Diethyl sebacate is an emulsifier used in cosmetics and topical medicaments. In contrast to the emulsifying agents stearyl alcohol, stearic acid, and glyceryl stearate, diethyl sebacate is considered to be a rare sensitizer. 

In topical formulations, stearic acid is used as an emulsifying and solubilizing agent. When partially neutralized with alkalis or triethanolamine, stearic acid is used in the preparation of creams. The partially neutralized stearic acid forms a creamy base when mixed with 5-15 times its own weight of aqueous liquid the appearance and plasticity of the cream being determined by the proportion of alkali used. 

When mixed in equimolar proportions with a fatty acid, such as stearic acid or oleic acid, triethanolamine forms an anionic soap with a pH of about 8, which may be used as an emulsifying agent to produce fine-grained, stable oil-in-water emulsions. Concentrations that are typically used for emulsification are 2-4% v/v of triethanolamine and 2-5 times that of fatty acids. In the case of mineral oils, 5% v/v of triethanolamine will be needed, with an appropriate increase in the amount of fatty acid used. Preparations that contain triethanolamine soaps tend to darken on storage. However, discoloration may be reduced by avoiding exposure to light and contact with metals and metal ions. 

Use Intermediate for stearic acid detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, stabilizers, resins, lubricants, plasticizers. 

Cream 0.05%, ointment 0.05%, and lotion 0.05% contain desonide (Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 11,21 -dihydroxy-16, 17-[(l-methylethylidene)bis(oxy)]-,[ll(beta),16(alpha)-]), a synthetic nonfluorinated corticosteroid, for topical dermatologic use. The corticosteroids constitute a class of primarily synthetic steroids used topically as anti-inflammatory and antipruritic agents. Each gram of cream contains 0.5 mg of desonide in a base of purified water, emulsifying wax, propylene glycol, stearic acid, isopropyl palmitate, synthetic beeswax, polysorbate 60, potassium sorbate,... 

Petrac . [Syn. Prods.] Stearic acid, metallic stearates, amit or waxes hibii-cmt, activator, dispersant, dasticizer, mold release agent, emulsifier, slip agent, thickener, anticaking agent for plastics, syn. lubricants, bar soaps, cosmetics, rubbers, pdisbes, paims, inks, waieiptot ng. 

Triamylamlne is a water-white ta light yellow, stable liquid which is strongly basic in reaction. It is soluble in ethyl alcohol, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, aromotic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, fixed oils, mineral oil, oleic and stearic acids, and in hot paraffin and carnauba waxes, the latter two solidifying when cooled. It is insoluble in water and methyl alcohol. It is on excellent corrosion inhibitor of steel in a 0.13% solution in rtormal sulfuric acid. It is used In the manufacture of emulsifying agents, dyestuffs, and insecticides. 

Definition Diester of glycerin and stearic acid Empiricai C39H76O5 Properties Nonionic Toxicoiogy TSCA listed Uses Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, and antistat in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, foods, industrial applies. infood-pkg. adhesives defoamerin food-contact paper/paperboard in food-contact textiles... 

Definition Monoester of glycerin and a blend of palmitic and stearic acids Empirical C63H116O12 Properties Nonionic Uses Emollient, stabilizer, emulsifier, dispersant for cosmetics food emulsifier starch complexer excipient in tablets lubricant, and binder in pharmaceuticals suspending agent thickener defoamer in... 

Definition Mixture of mono- and diesters of a methyl glucoside and stearic acid Properties Nonionic Toxicology TSCA listed Uses Emollient, w/o emulsifier, vise, stability, mildness agent for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals... 

Precaution Combustible exposed to heat or flame can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses Emollient in cosmetics, topical pharmaceuticals intermediate for stearic acid detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, stabilizers, resins, lubricants, plasticizers, paints defoamer and nutrient in fermentation specialized solvent solvent for pesticides and herbicides defoamer in food-contact coatings and paper/paperboard in resin-bonded filters for food contact in food-contact textiles in surf, lubricants for mfg. of food-contact metallic articles... 

Synonyms PEG (3) sorbitan monostearate POE (3) sorbitan monostearate Definition Ethoxylated sorbitan monoester of stearic acid with an avg. 3 moles EO Uses Emulsifier in cosmetics synthetic flavoring agent in foods defoamer in processing foods... 

Definition Pentaester of stearic acid and polyglycerin-6 Empiricai C108H208O18 Properties Nonionic Uses 0/w emulsifier in cosmetics anticrystallizing agent Trade Name Synonyms Nikkoi Hexaglyn 5-S... 

Definition Ester of stearic acid and polyglycerin-4 Empiricai CsoHeoOio Properties Nonionic Toxicoiogy TSCA listed Uses O/w emulsifier in cosmetics anticrystallizing agent emulsifier in foods Reguiatory FDA 21CFR 172.854 Manuf./Distrib. ASiE Connock http //WWW. connock. co. uk Trade Name Synonyms Nikkol Tetraglyn 1-S [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd... 

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