Directives Electromagnetic Compatibility

I hereby declare that the machinery complies with the Essential Health and Safety Requirements of the Machinery Directive (89/392/EEC) and with the provisions of the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (89/336/EEC), as amended by 93/68/EEC. 

Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive, product family (or specific) standard... 

In the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EC 2004) a combination of products installed in a specific place for a specific purpose can be deemed a fixed installation and dierefore not require CE marking, however, the system must still meet the essential requirements of the EMC Directive, dierefore the building s responsible person must construct a Technical Assessment File to demonstrate compliance of the fixed installation with the directive. 

The EEA law on the marketing of medical devices is governed by three principal Directives each of which adopt the Community s scheme for product regulation known as the new approach. The new approach applies to many product sectors, such as machinery, personal protective equipment, low voltage equipment and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements but not to pharmaceuticals or cosmetics. There are three device Directives. 

Guidelines on the Application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC of 3 May 1989 on the Approximation of the Laws of the Member States Relating to Electromagnetic Compatibility... 

Government of the Czech Republic (GoCR). 1997. Directive No. 169/1997Col., on Technical Requirements for Products in Connection with Electromagnetic Compatibility Modified by the Directive of the Government of the Czech Republic No. 282/2000 Col. 

The European directives for EC marking are intended for a wide range of products (industrial machines, explosives for civil use, toys...), with particular uses (explosive atmospheres) or with specific risks (low tension, pressurized equipment, electromagnetic compatibility). The conformity assessment of a product is consequently complex because it is necessary to ensure product conformity in all applicable directives. 

Protection of cables in walls - section 522 has been rearranged and modified to make it clearer. Amendment 3 at 522.6.202 states that all installations buried at a depth of 50mm or less, which includes cables installed in partitions constructed of metal parts irrespective of depth, shall have 30 mA RCD protection, unless other methods detailed in 522.6.203 have been applied. Compatibility - Regulation 512.1.5 tells us that the installation designer must ensure that all the installed fixed equipment is designed and manufactured in accordance with the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive. Installations composed only of CE marked apparatus will conform to this directive. 

EC (2004) Directive 2004/108/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility and repealing Directive 89/336/EEC EC (2006a) Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)... 

The technique consists of introducing a gas into the collision cell as a molecular beam directed perpendicularly to the ion beam accelerated by a potential of a few kilovolts towards an outlet where a pump removes it from the instrument so as to preserve a vacuum compatible with the use of electromagnetic analysers. This collision cell is located at a focal point to avoid losses. It is better to float the collision cell electrically to distinguish the metastable from the CID products. 

In the area of simplification of heat transport, chemical compatibility among heat transport working fluids (e g., Na and Ar-N Pb-Bi and steam or CO2) is introduced so that an intermediate circuit is eliminated and integral (in-vessel) steam generators or heat exchangers can be employed, e.g., like in the BN GT-300 (17), SSTAR (24), STAR-LM (25), and STAR-H2 (29). Natural circulation of the primary coolant at full power is used for many concepts. In the lead-bismuth cooled ENHS (19), a gas lift pump option is considered as an alternative to either natural circulation or mechanical or electromagnetic pumps. Similar approach, coupled with direct contact production of steam is employed in a lead-bismuth cooled PBWFR (23). 

Once ions are produced, they are typically directed into a mass analyzer, where the ions are separated by their mass-charge ratios and detected. The types of mass analyzers vary widely.By far, the most common is the time-of-flight mass analyzer due to its simplicity and the pulsed nature of ion extraction from the ion source, which makes it especially compatible with pulsed laser excitation, but laser desorption/ionization sources have been coupled to quadrupoles, electromagnetic sector instruments, orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometers, quadmpole ion traps, Fourier transform mass spectrometers, and even the recently introduced Orbitrap. Detailed discussion of these mass analyzers is beyond the scope of this chapter but is not out of the scope of other chapters in this volume and elsewhere. However, laser desorption ion sources produce ions with a particular momentum and temperamre, and great care must be taken in coupling these ion sources to the mass spectrometers so that the ions momentum and temperature parameters are compatible with the instrument at hand. 

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