Electrochemical codeposition

Verbrugge MW, Tobias CW (1987) The periodic, electrochemical codeposition of cadmium and teUuiium. AlChE J 33 628-641... 

Q. Chi and S. Dong, Amperometric biosensors based on the immobilization of oxidases in a Prussian blue film by electrochemical codeposition. Anal. Chim. Acta 310, 429-436 (1995). 

Electrochemically Codeposited Large-Area Photoelectrodes for Converting Sunlight to Electrical Energy... 

CdSe Alms of variable composition were prepared using electrochemical codeposition under potentiostatic control [191,] and the photoelectrochemical behavior of such Alms was investigated. 

Electrodeposited Me alloys are of great practical importance because of their unconventional electric, magnetic, mechanical and protective properties. The problem of electroplating of alloys is related to the processes of codeposition of metals from multicomponent electrolyte systems. Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of electrochemical codeposition of metals and the processes of alloy phase formation have been discussed in details by Brenner [6.134], Gorbunova and Polukarov [6.135] and Despic [6.136]. 

Carpenter MK, Verbrugge MW (1987) Some experimental aspects of the cadmium4eUurium electrochemical codeposition. J Electrochem Soc 134 3404-3409... 

ELECTROCHEMICAL CODEPOSITION AND ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A COPPER-ZINC ALLOY METALLIZATION... 

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used as templates for conducting polymers. Composite films of CNTs with PANl, PPy, or PEDOT were prepared via electrochemical codeposition from solutions containing acid treated CNTs and the corresponding monomer [192], Electrochemical synthesis of PPy/CNT nanoscale composites using well-aligned carbon nanotube arrays was reported [193]. 

Multilayers of PS colloidal crystals assembled on the electrode surface were also used as the template for electropolymerization of aniline. Nanoporous or nanocomposite films of PANl may be produced with or without the removal of the PS template. Better stability and reproducibility of the nanocomposite film have been observed than the nanoporous PANl film. The reason for this was the PS nanoparticles enable the PANl/PS composite film to maintain its morphology, since the nanoporous PANl film may suffer from collapse or shrinkage. Insulating pol3mier nanoparticles can also be electrochemically codeposited into the CP matrix by grafting their surfaces with reactive moieties,i.e., a PPy-PEG-PLA nanocomposite film can be prepared. [PEG-PLA poly(l-ethoxyethylglycidyl ether)-block-poly(L-lactide) copol5mier]. 

To create negative charges on particle surfaces, the pH of the electrol5de should be adjusted to above the isoelectric point of the respective oxide. One-step electrochemical codeposition... 

Carpenter MK, Verbrugge MW (1990) Electrochemical codeposition of gallium and arsenic from a room temperature chlorogallate melt. J Electrochem Soc 137(1) 123-129. doi 10.1149/... 

Carpenter MK, Verbrugge MW (1994) Electrochemical codeposition of indiiun and antimony from a chloroindate molten salt. J Mater Res 9(10) 2584-2591... 

Chen PY, Deng MJ, Zhuang DX (2009) Electrochemical codeposition of copper and manganese from room-temperature N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethyl-sulfonyl) imide ionic liquid. Electrochim Acta 54 6935-6940... 

From Acidic Aqueous Solutions The cathodic electrochemical codeposition of Cd and Se is usually accomplished in acidic aqueous solutions containing Cd " and SeOs [30-43]. SeOs ions are usually introduced by the addition of Se02 or H2Se03. In the acidic media, Se02 dissolved in H2O to be H2Se03. The formation of CdSe can be simply expressed as the following reaction [44] ... 

The electrochemical codeposition of GaSb from aqueous solution is difficult due to the large deposition potential difference between the two components. Paolucci et al. [181] formed GaSb thin films via the sequential electrodeposition of Sb and Ga films and a mild thermal annealing at 100 °C. Acid SbCla and alkaline GaOs " introduced as GaCla solutions was employed to minimize the hydrogen evolution and the formation of SbHs. A similar approach was adopted by Kozlov and Bicelli [182]. 

A careful study of the electrochemical properties of a blend of polypyrrole and poly(styrene sulfonate), prepared by the electrochemical codeposition method, is also described in the literature [133]. The authors used dry acetonitrile as solvent, and obtained signifi-... 

Zhang H, Wang Y, Fachini ER, Cabrera CR. Electrochemically codeposited platinum/molybdenum oxide eleetrode for eatal3hic oxidation of methanol in acid solution. Electrochem Solid State 1999 2 437-9. 

Chi Q, Dong S (1993) Flow-injection analysis of glucose at an amperometric glucose sensor based on electrochemical codeposition of palladium and glucose oxidase on a glassy carbon electrode. Anal. Chim. Acta. 278 17-23. 

H. Zhang, Y. Wang, E.R. Fachini, C.R. Cabrera, 1999. Electrochemically codeposited PtMo oxide electrode for catalytic oxidation of methanol in acid solution. Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, 2 437—439. 

Electrochemical codeposition often results in formation of different microstructures and phases. Moreover, electrodeposited binary alloys may or may not be the same in phase structure as those formed by simple melting. In addition, electrodeposited phases are not always in the thermodynamic equilibrium and can... 

Electrochemical Codeposition of Sol-Gel-Based Hybrid and Composite Films... 

---