Electric powertrain vehicle

With the purpose of understanding the performance of an ideal electric powertrain vehicle, we now apply the formulations described in Section 4.3.1 to calculate the energy necessary to be stored in batteries while varying the vehicle mass and aerodynamic factor SQ. 

Kromer, M. A. and Heywood, J. B. (2007). Electric Powertrains Opportunities and Challenges in the US Light-Duty Vehicle Fleet. MIT Report. LFEE 2007-02 RP. 

Ford Motor Corporation Developed several sedan and SUV-sized fuel cell vehicles based on methanol reformers and stored hydrogen. Uses Ballard FC electric powertrain. Also is collaborating with Mobil on a fuel processor to extract hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuel cell vehicles. 

In the standard project organization all disciplines such as car body, exterior, equipment, interieur, electric/eletronics, chassis, engine, powertrain, vehicle integration, cross divisional functions are represented. For each discipline a project lead is appointed and has to take care about content, quality, time, and cost. Typical roles are (amongst others) ... 

M.A. Kromer, J.B. Heywood, Electric Powertrains Opportunities and Challenges in the U.S. Light-Duty Vehicle Fleet, Sloan Automotive Laboratory, Laboratory for Energy and the Environment, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, LFEE 2007-03 RP, Cambridge, MA, 2007. 

Burke, A.F. (2007) Supercapadtors in hybrid vehicle powertrains, in Proceedings of TransAlpine Workshop on Hybrid, Electric and fuel Cell Systems, October 2007, Pollein, Italy. 

Hydrogen production from petrochemical refineries wastes and its utilisation in powertrain for railway vehicles and in distributed generation of electricity. Activity leader University of Perugia. Estimated activity cost 6.9 million. 

With the jubilee 5 years of hydrogen project at the airport of Munich MAN commercial vehicle group presented a newly developed low floor line bus with hybrid fuel cell powertrain. The electrical driving motor was supplied by 68 kW from a PEM fuel cell system and 100 kW from an energy storage [50]. 

EU Coalition Study A Portfolio of Powertrains for Europe A Fact Based Analysis - The Role of Battery Electric Vehicles, Plug-in-Hybrids and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles. McKinsey, Dusseldorf (2010)... 

The powertrain of an electric vehicle differentiates itself from the powertrain of conventional cars. Electric motors can start fiom stop position and operate efficiently over a wide speed range. Therefore, it is not necessary to integrate a clutch in the vehicle design, as it is the case in internal combustion engine vehicles. For hybrid vehicles, the internal combustion engine is to be coupled with the electric motor this makes the transmission more complex [2]. 

Mercedes S-Class was put on the market more than 10 years after the world premiere of a hybrid model and 4 years after the launch of hybrid cars in the sector of premium brands (Lexus Rx 400h in June 2005). However, it is the first European car with a powertrain system with electric motor and batteries siding the traditional ICE and the first hybrid car in the world that adopted lithium-ion batteries on a production vehicle. 

The performance of the vehicles has also improved. In 2010, Daimler stated that its current FGV had a stack hfetime of 110000 km, and projected that this would improve to 250 000 km by 2020 [4]. GM similarly predicts a lifetime of 200 000 km and 5500 h [3]. Further, a 2010 study by a consortium of over 30 stakeholders from various industries concluded that current FGVs display performance, ranges and refuehng times comparable to those of conventional vehicles on the market today, and that the total cost of ownership for aU powertrains studied [internal combustion engine (IGE) vehicles, fuel cell vehicles (EGVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and battery electric vehicles (BEVs)] are expected to converge by 2025 [5]. 

To quickly size the component models of the powertrain, an automated sizing process was developed. A flow chart illustrating the sizing process logic is shown in Fig. 5. While the engine power is the only variable for conventional vehicles, HEVs have two variables engine power and electric... 

Battery Behavioral Model in the Powertrain of a Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle... 

The application of the battery pack model is illustrated by studying a design example in the electrified vehicle area. In this section, the battery pack model is the key part of the powertrain of a series hybrid electric vehicle. A unique (for passenger duty) vehicle is studied in the Autonomic simulation environment [20], Then, several Energy Storage System (ESS) options, which are combinations of... 

The essential components of a vehicle are the body, powertrain components (engine, axle, transmission), fuel system, cooling system, electrical system, brake system, interior and exterior trim. Although the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) auto manufacturers still control most of the powertrain and body components, many sub-... 

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