Sizing process

The pulp and paper industry and potable and wastewater treatment industry are the principal markets for aluminum sulfate. Over half of the U.S. aluminum sulfate produced is employed by the pulp and paper industry. About 37% is used to precipitate and fix rosin size on paper fibers, set dyes, and control slurry pH. Another 16% is utilized to clarify process waters. The alum sold for these purposes is usually Hquid alum. It is frequendy acidic as a result of a slight excess of H2SO4. Aluminum sulfate consumption by the pulp and paper industry is projected to remain constant or decline slightly in the near term because of more efficient use of the alum and an increased use of alkaline sizing processes (13). 

POWDER METAL SIZING PROCESS CAPABILITY MAP (RADIALTOLERANCES ONLY)... 

Coker, A. K., Selecting and Sizing Process Compressors, Hydrocarbon Processing, pp. 39-47, July 1994. 

Kern, Robert, Flow to Size Process Piping for Two-Phase Flow, Hydrocarbon Processing, Oct. 1969, p. 105. 

Microstructures on Macroscale MicroChannel Reactors for Medium- and Large-Size Processes... 

In a situation where the batch size processed in a particular unit at various time points along the time horizon is fixed, the heat duty requirement will also be fixed. Therefore, it is specified as a parameter rather than a variable. Constraints (10.1) and (10.2) still hold in this scenario. However, the following additional constraints are also necessary ... 

Polyester resins can be highly beneficial as additives to other size polymers, although a great deal of care and expertise is required in formulation [192]. Viscosity, for example, is an important factor in the warp sizing process. The viscosity of some sizes, such as poly(vinyl alcohol), is significantly affected by temperature fluctuations. The addition of a polyester resin tends to minimise such changes in viscosity. Surface tension is another important parameter... 

The major manufacturers of factory size processing equipment for the rubber industry also offer a range of equipment of a suitable size for laboratory use. Specific requirements can usually be accommodated in addition to a range of standard equipment. Many of the items will be built to specific demand from the customer. 

As with most aspects of downstream processing, the operation of chromatographic systems is highly automated and is usually computer controlled. Whereas medium-sized process-scale chromatographic columns (e.g. 5-151 capacity) are manufactured from toughened glass or plastic, larger... 

To illustrate a complete decomposition for a process represented by a large number of equations is not feasible in this review because of the practical difficulties of printing the resulting matrices. Also, the problem statements would probably be longer than the review itself. Consequently, decomposition of two modest-sized processes is illustrated in this section, one a process of sufficient scale to be quite impracticable to decompose by inspection. The first example model has been taken from Analog Simulation of the Hanford N-Reactor Plant (S5), a documentation readily available from the Clearinghouse for Technical and Scientific Information as well as AEC depositories. 

The first pass at the adsorber sizing is now complete and a check on the overall pressure drop expected can be obtained from the Ergun equation. An adjustment in the bed diameter may be required and then the bed size can be fixed using one more pass through the sizing process outlined above. 

Potato starch is used in the textile industry for sizing cotton, worsted, and spun rayon warps (Steams et al., 1994). In the sizing process, a film of the sizing agent is applied to the textile yam... 

Yield Loose density Screen size processing process understanding... 

One of the major drawbacks of liposomes is related to their preparation methods [3,4]. Liposomes for topical delivery are prepared by the same classic methods widely described in the literature for preparation of these vesicles. The majority of the liposome preparation methods are complicated multistep processes. These methods include hydration of a dry lipid film, emulsification, reverse phase evaporation, freeze thaw processes, and solvent injection. Liposome preparation is followed by homogenization and separation of unentrapped drug by centrifugation, gel filtration, or dialysis. These techniques suffer from one or more drawbacks such as the use of solvents (sometimes pharmaceutically unacceptable), an additional sizing process to control the size distribution of final products (sonication, extrusion), multiple-step entrapment procedure for preparing drug-containing liposomes, and the need for special equipment. 

Process furnace cost. Process furnaces are used for the larger-sized process heating unit operations, more specifically for heating duties of 30 mmBtu/h and larger, up to 500 mmBtu/hr. (The abbreviation mmBtu/h simply means millions of British thermal units per hour.)... 

Coker, A. K., Sizing process piping for single-phase fluids, The Chemical Engineer, October 10, 1991. 

The final metal particle size. Processes leading to narrow particle size distributions. 

Fig. 19.7. Coal-cleaning equipment in common use in the coal industry with respect to the coal size processed.

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