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These are in-the-field studies that have been adopted from anthropology research. The researchers are embedded to some level with the users and gamer data on how they interact in real life with the products or systems under study or similar products or systems or to identify the need for such products. In an ethnographic study of independent elders, Forhzzi et al. [2004] identified two groups of elders, well and declining, using characteristics of mobihty, cognitive function, and household maintenance. 

For elderly patients as well as those experiencing visual difficulties the nurse placesagainst the wallsany items of furniture (eg, footstools chairs stands) that obstruct ambulatory areas. Throw rugs should be removed. 

While epinephrine is usually well tolerated in young and healthy individuals, there may be problems in elderly patients with cardiac arrhythmia or previous myocardial infarction episodes [31-33]. Pharmacological effects of epinephrine include rapid rise in blood pressure, pallor, anxiety, tachycardia, headache and tremor as well as vertigo. Most commonly these effects occur after intravenous injection or after overdosing epinephrine. Cardiac arrhythmia or pulmonary edema may develop in serious cases [33, 34]. 

In fact no consistent correlation has been found between the appearance, distribution and number of amyloid plaques and either neuronal loss or the degree of dementia, although the latter correlates with the number of neurofibrillary tangles, which tend to precede plaques in appearance by some years. Also cortical amyloid deposits can be found in non-demented elderly patients. Thus the basic question appears to be does the disease process, whatever that is, cause the development of AzD as well as the production of jS-amyloid or is there production of S-amyloid, which then causes AzD Consensus supports the latter but it is not proven. 

The treatment of elderly patients with hypertension, as well as those with isolated systolic hypertension, should follow the same approach as with other populations with the exception that lower starting doses may be warranted to avoid symptoms and with special attention paid to postural hypotension. This should include a careful assessment of orthostatic symptoms, measurement of blood pressure in the upright position, and caution to avoid volume depletion and rapid titration of antihypertensive therapy.2 In individuals with isolated systolic hypertension, the optimal level of diastolic pressure is not known, and although treated patients who achieve diastolic pressures less than 60 to 70 mm Hg had poorer outcomes in a landmark trial, their cardiovascular event rate was still lower than those receiving placebo.69... 

Suitable for elderly and very young patients who may not tolerate hemodialysis well. 

Elder flower ointment (Ungentum sambuci) was commonly used topically to treat human conditions such as hemorrhoids, chilblains (a milder version of frostbite) as well as treating horses wounded in battle. During World War I, Ungentum sambuci was... 

Only the blue elderberries are edibleSambucus canadensis and S. carulea (found in North America) as well as the European variety S. nigra. The red elder Sambucus pubens has toxic red berries and flowers that are conical rather than flat-topped clusters. "Blue is true and red is dead," is a popular expression among herbal harvesters. 

Elder wood doesn t burn well fortunately, a boon for protecting the species the more elder growing, the better. Elder Fungus... 

Antispasmodic. Easing muscle cramps as well as psychological stress, elder tea has been used for headache, eyelid twitching, palsy, epilepsy, stroke, paralysis and the spasms that accompany asthma. Affected body parts can also be rubbed with elder flower infusions. Parts used flowers, berries. 

Relaxant. Elder helps to relax bronchial spasms as well as asthma. On an emotional level, elder soothes nerves, calms anxiety and helps to lift one s spirits when feeling blue. Use elder to calm a sick, irritable person in need of a good night s sleep. Elder is also helpful in cases of anxiety and shock. Parts used flowers, berries. 

Vulnerary. Elder is an effective remedy for relieving hemorrhoids when applied topically as a salve. Elder has been used to treat erysipelas, an acute inflammation caused by strep bacteria that erupts on the skin. Elder has also served humankind well in applications for bums, cuts and wounds. It can also be used as a sore throat gargle or for inflamed gums and mouth tissue. Parts used flowers, berries, leaves. 

Prepare elder flower tea. Strain well. Wait until the tea has cooled down to a comfortable temperature. Use an eye cup from the pharmacy and rinse the eyes with the cooled tea several times. Elder flower eyewash soothes sore or strained eyes. 

Prepare elder flower tea. For every cup of tea add 1 tsp. of salt and mix well. Gargle repeatedly. 

Drink at night when feeling the sniffles coming on. Elder is considered an ideal remedy for the very young as well as the elderly. 

Elder flower essence can be helpful during times of transitions when courage is needed. It can help alleviate fears and helps one to feel more supported. Use when you feel overcontrolled by others as well as when overwhelmed by fear and anxiety. Elder can help one to feel more joy and enhances one s ability to recover and feel renewed. Use elder during life s challenging times as a flower essence, with faith and prayer to aid in your personal renewal. 

However, when elder absolute is diluted and blended with other essential oils, it is useful in perfumery. It blends especially well with bergamot, oak moss and ylang ylang. In perfumery it is added to carnation bases. 

During cheese-making time, elder branches have been hung on the walls to repel flies. Well cared for animals have worn a wreath of elder leaves to deter bugs. An infusion of the leaves can be poured into mole and mouse holes to inspire them to find other living quarters. 

Elder provides cover and protection as well as food for many of the above mentioned creatures. 

Eder is a member of the Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle) family. Also included in that family are honeysuckles, snowberries, twinflowers, viburnums, and weigelas. There is some discussion about giving elder its own family name, so in the future it may well be called the Sambucaceae family. Elder are mainly small trees or shrubs, yet some are climbing lianas. They all have bisexual flowers. Native to Europe, Western Asia and Northern Africa, elder is widely distributed in temperate and subtropic regions. 

Elder is a perennial plant and loves to grow in moist areas where the soil is rich in organic material, lime and nitrogen, It does well in semi-shaded areas... 

There are few trees that have as much lore and legend associated with them as elder. It is regarded as a symbol of safety and healing as well as sorrow and death. Other esoteric meanings related to elder are transformation, releasing old, stuck patterns, exorcism, compassion, zealousness, prosperity, sleep, luck, wishes come true, healing, peace and protection. 

Hans Christian Anderson wrote a delightful story entitled, "Elder Tree Mother." In this story a young boy is told a tale about an elder tree in a teapot. Through the elder tree the boy visits the future and the past. The boy is not sure what part of the story has been real and what part a dream. When the story is over, the boy exclaims to his mother, "How beautiful it was Mother, I have been to warm countries." She replies, "I can quite believe it. When anyone drinks two full cups of elder flower tea, he may well get into warm countries."... 

In the year 2000 approximately 12% of our population was over 65 years old. By 2020 almost 16% of the population will be over 65. The question of elderly access has been raised [18]. Both the regulatory and the industrial communities must address the needs of senior citizens, as well as those of the handicapped. 

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