Ecological case study

Bicsiot, W-, and Noorman, K. J. (1999). Energy Requirements in Household Consumption A Case Study of the Netherlands. Ecological Economics 28 367-383. BP Amoco. (2000). BP Statistical Review of World Energy. BP Amoco, London, . 

The scope to increase resource efficiency during scale up was shown to be large in the case studies assessed here. Therefore, efforts to implement methods such as mass balancing or LCA would pay off soon, since this would help to fully tap optimization potentials concerning ecology and economy. 

A Case Study Advancing Ecological Risk Assessment Methods in the EPA, Office of Pesticide Programs, Final Report from FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel. USEPA, Washington, DC (2001). Also available on the World Wide Web http //www.epa.gov/scipoly/sap 001/index.htm, accessed September 2002. 

The book focuses on the biogeochemistry of trace elements in arid and semiarid zone soils and includes an introductory chapter on the nature and properties of arid zone soils. It presents an updated overview and a comprehensive coverage of the major aspects of trace elements and heavy metals that are of most concern in the world s arid and semi-arid soils. These include the content and distribution of trace elements in arid soils, their solution chemistry, their solid-phase chemistry, selective sequential dissolution techniques for trace elements in arid soils, the bioavailability of trace elements, and the pollution and remediation of contaminated arid soils. A comprehensive and focused case study on transfer fluxes of trace elements in Israeli arid and semi-arid soils is presented. The book concludes with a discussion of a quantitative global perspective on anthropogenic interferences in the natural trace elements distributions. The elements discussed in this book include Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, Hg, As, Se, Co, B, Mo and others. This book is an excellent reference for students and professionals in the environmental, ecological, agricultural and geological sciences. 

Hungerbiihler, K. (1998) Ecological and Economic Objective Functions for Screening in Integrated Development of Fine Chemical Processes. 2. Stream Allocation and Case Studies. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 37, 3408-3413. 

In the scope of this case study, alternative storage options for surplus wind electricity production in the region of north-western Germany are analysed. One assumption is that today s limited grid capacity could be extended only by a certain amount. The comparison of the storage option is based on economic and ecological criteria. 

As shown in the Lake Brienz case study [13], many more subtle alterations occur in downstream lakes as a direct and indirect effect of the modified regime of water, nutrients and light. Whether such modifications have substantial effects on plankton [14] or other ecological indicators cannot always be clearly answered [13]. 

The Pellston workshop in February 2002, which produced this book, aimed to develop guidance and increased consensus on the use of uncertainty analysis methods in ecological risk assessment. The workshop focused on pesticides, and used case studies on pesticides, because of the urgent need created by the rapid move to using probabilistic methods in pesticide risk assessment. However, it was anticipated that the conclusions would also be highly relevant to other stressors, especially other contaminants. 

Develop case studies to explore the application of alternative methods of uncertainty analysis to the ecological risks of pesticides... 

Alkaloids take part in the life processes of some invertebrates as pheromones, inducers of sexual behaviour, and in reproduction. A case study of quinolizidine alkaloids and population changes proved that these alkaloids occur in all legume species studied but not, however, in all individuals. The distribution and frequency changes of alkaloidal and non-alkaloidal plants in populations is a direct expression of natural selection natural hybridization and micro-evolution can be considered as an evidence of current evolutionary responses by ecological and genetic systems. 

What types of data were used (e.g., ecological, case-control or cohort studies, or case reports or series) ... 

Binkley, D. Driscoll, C. T. Allen, H. L. Schoeneberger, P. McAvov, D. Acidic Deposition and Forest Soils Context and Case Studies of the Southeastern United States Ecological Studies Springer-Verlag New York, 1989 Vol. 72, 149 pp. 

Ollson, C.A., Reimer, K.J., Koch, I. and Cullen, W.R. (2003) Contaminant bioavailability and its consequences for ecological and human health risk assessment case study arsenic in Yellowknife, NWT, in Proceedings — Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sites in Arctic and Cold Climates (eds M. Nahir, K. Biggar and G Cotta) University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Vol. 3, pp. 129-38. 

US Environmental Protection Agency. A review of ecological assessment case studies from a risk assessment perspective. Washington, DC Risk Assessment Forum, USEPA, 1993. EPA/630/R-92/005. 

Moser A. Ecotechnology in industrial practice implementation using sustainability indices and case studies. Ecological Eng 1996 7 117-138. 

Menzie, C.A., Burmaster, D.E., Freshman, J.S., Callahan, C.A. (1992) Assessment of methods for estimating ecological risk in the terrestrial component A case study at the Baird and McGuire Supefund site in Holbrook, Massachusetts. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 11, 245-260. 

The workshop followed the familiar Pellston formula. A preliminary review was completed and made available to all participants prior to the workshop. At the workshop, workgroups were assigned to consider specific issues identified in plenary sessions, to gather feedback on the utility of reviewed methods, to suggest new or modified ones, and to consider case study substances in relation to the proposed extrapolation methods. These activities were used to prioritize questions and to help formulate a framework (table of contents) for dealing with extrapolation issues in ERA. We used this framework and, with individual contributions from the workshop participants, developed this book. This book incorporates a review and discussion of the tools currently available for extrapolation of ecological effects and the science upon which these are based. 

Newey, P. S., Robson, S. K. A. and Crozier, R. H. (2008b). Near-infrared spectroscopy as a tool in behavioural ecology a case study of the weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina. Anim. Behav., 76, 1727-1733. 

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