Downscaling

It is noteworthy that it is not obligatory to use a torsional potential within a PEF. Depending on the parameterization, it is also possible to represent the torsional barrier by non-bonding interactions between the atoms separated by three bonds. In fact, torsional potentials and non-bonding 1,4-interactions are in a close relationship. This is one reason why force fields like AMBER downscale the 1,4-non-bonded Coulomb and van der Waals interactions. 

The intention at Wolf s is to make it an upscale deli, as Mr. Scotto put it, an idea that might strike Wolf s regulars as making as much sense as a downscale Hotel Plaza. You still get a bowl of pickles and a bowl of coleslaw on the table with every meal. You still get tiny red-haired women, folded over like wallets, eating dinner at four in the afternoon. This is a cosmopolitan crowd, as in emigre, not as in Sarah Jessica Parker. 

Steak house tablecloths and monogrammed hotel silver pepper mills dress the tables—a kind of old-money upscale-downscale. Every preppie I ever knew went to 21 on AWOL weekends in New York and tided to get served at the bar. Many succeeded. Many return as tourists with their families. With its toy-festooned ceiling, the 21 Bar Room is a hallowed birthday hall for boys who will become their fathers. 

Keywords Climate change. Climate projections. Downscaling, Mediterranean, Uncertainties... 

In cases where the operation time-scale is independent of the channel diameter, as for a homogeneous reaction, it is necessary to keep the residence time fixed when downscaling a reactor in order keep the efficiency constant. When the flow-rate Qtot of the process gas is given, this means that a reduction in the channel diameter has to be accompanied by an increase in the channel length L or the number of channels N, according to... 

Freedom in process design is greatest at this stage of development, while the cost of error elimination is smallest (see Fig 5.2-3). Therefore, downscaling and extension of laboratory investigations in later phases of development is common practice. Compared to large-scale studies, laboratory work is less expensive by orders of magnitude and less sensitive to mistakes. 

Xu C (1999) From GCMs to river flow a review of downscaling methods and hydrologic modelling approaches. Prog Phys Geogr 23(2) 229-249. doi 10.1177/030913339902300204... 

Keywords Basin management, Climate change impacts, Downscaling, Hydrological modelling, Pollutants... 

A relatively simple statistical downscaling technique which may be applied quickly to a large number of models is the use of correction factors based on monthly relationships between observed data collected at a particular weather station and the relevant RCM control data set for the appropriate grid-cell [40], These monthly differences (for temperature) and ratios (for precipitation) between the control and the point observations (i.e. not the gridded interpolated CRU data set) can then be used to correct the daily RCM control and scenario data. This gives bias-corrected scenarios of temperature and precipitation, which can then be used as input to hydrological models for the exploration of various management and policy formulations. 

Haylock MR, Cawley GC, Harpham C, Wilby RL, Goodess CM (2006) Downscaling heavy precipitation over the United Kingdom a comparison of dynamical and statistical methods and their future scenarios. Int J Climatol 26 1397-1415... 

Khan MS, Coulibaly P, Dibike Y (2006) Uncertainty analysis of statistical downscaling methods. J Hydrol 319 357-382... 

Fabrication of materials combining metals and nanotubes is an attractive and intensively explored field. Particularly with a view to downscaling conventional technology processes by optimization of material combinations, it shows great potential as an alternative to develop new single-system materials. 

The continued downscaling of transistor sizes is essential to the continuation of Moore s law. Lithography has always been a limiting factor. Optical lithography is limited by the optical resolution... 

Of course, with the drastic simplification inherent in the use of aldehyde 8 as the "real world" equivalent of the hypothetical threose 2, came the postponement of the goal of the synthesis of the natural enantiomer of NeuSAc. The only way to strive for enantiospecificity would involve replacing 7 with another diene equipped with a chiral auxilliary (111. At this exploratory stage, we preferred to accept a downscaling of goals, confident that lessons learned in the synthesis of racemic NeuSAc could be applied to the preparation of enantiomer 1 (synthesis of (-) NeuSAc has been accomplished DeNinno, M. P., Yale University, unpublished data). 

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