Disk drive applications

Nanotribology of Polymer Surfaces for Disk Drive Applications... 

Another important application area for PSAs in the electronic industry focuses on the manufacturing, transport and assembly of electronic components into larger devices, such as computer disk drives. Due to the sensitivity of these components, contamination with adhesive residue, its outgassing products, or residue transferred from any liners used, needs to be avoided. Cleanliness of the whole tape construction becomes very critical, because residuals like metal ions, surfactants, halogens, silicones, and the like can cause product failures of the electronic component or product. Due to their inherent tackiness, acrylic PSAs are very attractive for this type of application. Other PSAs can be used as well, but particular attention has to be given to the choice of tackifier or other additives needed in the PSA formulation. The choice of release liner also becomes very critical because of the concern about silicone transfer to the adhesive, which may eventually contaminate the electronic part. 

Electric motors are eveiywhere. These ubiquitous devices come in a wide variety of sizes and power outputs, ranging from a fraction of a watt to huge multikilowatt applications. Tiny ones operate computer disk drives, power windows/mirrors, and windshield wipers moderate-sized ones run appliances such as fans, blenders, electric shavers, and vacuum cleaners a large drive pumps, elevators, sawmills, and electric trains and vehicles. 

Even when the time comes to make a purchasing decision, an energy-efficient motor purchase is not a certainty. Sometimes an energy-efficient motor will be the economically efficient choice at other times, not. The capital investment decision is based on the cost in relation to performance, efficiency and reliability. Moreover, the decision depends on the application and the amount of time the motor is in operation. It can be the major component of a product (drill or mixer), or a minor component (computer disk drive) it can be the major component cost of a product (fan), or it can be a minor component cost (stereo tape deck) it can run almost constantly (fan, pump, and machinery), or only a few minutes a day (vacuums and power tools). For example, contractors purchase circular saws almost solely based on performance and reliability. Time is money, and since the saw is operating only a few minutes a day and the contractor is often not responsible for the electricity costs to run the motor, energy efficiency is not a consideration performance and reliability are what matter most. On the other hand, an industrial user, who runs huge electric motors twenty-four hours a day to work pumps, machinery, and ventilation equipment, is very concerned tvitli energy efficiency as well as performance and reliability. 

However, investigations up to now have mainly concentrated themselves on ambient environments even though it is known that ionic liquids have a very low vapor pressure, making them suitable for vacuum applications such as in space mechanisms, the disk drive industry, and microelec-tromechanical systems (MEMS). Due to the ultra-low vapor pressure of most ionic liquids, they have been expected to be good lubricants in vacuum. Further experimental works are required to evaluate lubrication behavior of ionic liquids under ultra-high vacuum conditions and in inert atmospheres. 

Mitsui Chemicals is launching a new grade of carbon nanotube reinforced thermoplastic poly-imide, Aurum CNT, with supplementary specific properties such as dust reduction and antistatic behaviour. Targeted applications are, for example, processing jigs for semiconductor or hard disk manufacturing, and parts for hard disk drives. 

Molecularly thin lubricant film is an important application of nanoscale confined polymeric fluids, and is the focus of this chapter. Ultrathin lubricant films are necessary in high-density data storage to increase the reliability and performance of hard-disk drive (HDD) systems [2-4]. Spinoff and intermittent contact between the slider (or head) and the lubricated disk [ultrathin perfluoropolyether (PFPE) films are applied to the disk s carbon-overcoated surface, as shown in Fig. 1.1] cause loss and reflow of the lubricant film. The relevant HDD technology is summarized briefly in the end-of-chapter Appendix Section A.I, which provides an overview of how certain information technology devices are controlled by nanoscale chemistry. 

V) and gradual breakdown processes [53]. The ability to produce low RA barriers reliably is a key for their application as read heads in hard disk drives. 

The specific power of rare earth permanent magnet motors can exceed 1 kW/kg. The combination of reliable, low-cost, solid-state controllers and brushless permanent magnet motors will find applications in (i) computer accessories like disk drives, printers, x-y plotters, (ii) consumer goods like hand tools, fans, and air-conditioners, (iii) robotics, traction motors, steel mills, lift motors, and (iv) aerospace flight control actuators. 

Microfabrication to a large extent relies on microelectronic processing technologies. Therefore, all aforementioned materials have found their way into various microsystem applications. Beyond that, other metals to be planarized like Ni or alloys like NiFe are regularly used for applications such as hard-disk drives. In microfabrication, the spectrum of materials is extended by including... 

Applications are protected from viruses virus check all floppy disks, CDs, hard disk drives, and other media from internal and external sources. 

It is important to realize that the list above refers to a relatively large computer system that is run by a centralized IT group. Therefore, for smaller items of laboratory computer equipment the list should be reviewed for applicability and suitability. Where a system does not have the facility to store raw data, e.g., a disk drive, no SOP is required for backup and restore. The converse is also true this is a generalized list of SOPs, and if there is a specialized application there may be the need for more SOPs than what appears above. 

For precision applications where the work is especially sensitive to system contamination (e.g., disk drive, optical, or electronic components), point-of-use filtration is required. Currently absolute pleated filters of 0.1 micron rating are recommended. 

Considerable interest still exists in the application of fluorine-containing cyclophosphazenes in lubricant technology. Recent advances in the use of N3P3(OC6H4F-4) (OC6H4CF3-3)6-n (n 2 code name X-IP) as lubricant either by itself or as an additive to perfluoropolyethers (PFPE) have been reviewed. Addition of X-IP to PFPE films reduces the critical dewetting thickness on amorphous nitrogenated carbon compared to that of neat PFPE. The influence of X-IP on the stabilization of the PFPE lubricant for the slider/disk interface in hard disk drives has been studied. Micro-phase separation of X-IP... 

---