DIOXANONE COPOLYMER

C2H202-C4H603 (glycolide)-(para-dioxanone) copolymer 143... 

Hong J T, Cho N S, Yoon H S, KimT H, Lee D H and Kim W G (2005), Preparation and characterization of biodegradable poly(trimethylene carbonate- -caprolactone)-block-poly(p-dioxanone) copolymers ,/Po/ym Sci Polym Chem, 43(13), 2790-2799. 

Polylglycolide/trimethylene carbonate/dioxanone) copolymer at 60% glycolde/26% trimethylene carbonate/14% dioxanone or sometime name as Glycomer 631 Biosyn Monofilament... 

Segmented, e-caprolactone-rich, poly(e-caprolactone-co-p-dioxanone) copolymers are useful for medical applications and devices The biocompatible nucleating agerrts (not disclosed) might be added to the copolymer to reduce the cycle time ... 

Although great commercial successes have been generated with poly(pdioxanone) as shown by the development of PDS sutures, as well as ABSOLOK and LAPRA-TY clips, investigators have also prepared poly(p-dioxanone) copolymers (i.e., BIOSYN) with interesting phy sical properties that can be utilized for various medical deUce applications. The following describes the polymerization, properties and potential uses of poly(p-dioxanone) copolymers. 

Figure 2.12 Copolymerization reaction steps of lactide-dioxanone copolymer (Bezwada, 1995).

Bezwada, R.S., Cooper, K., 1997. High strength, melt processable, lactide-rich, poly(lactide-co-p-dioxanone) copolymers. U.S. Patent 5 639 851, U.S. Patent Office. 

The toxicity studies demonstrated no evidence of cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, or sensitization. The preclinical biocompatibilty studies confirmed the biocompatibility of the polymers and designs in the calvarial model. There was no adverse response to either the plate or the rivet. An unexpected and interesting finding was the observation of crystalline particles in the area of the absorbing plate at 18 and 22 months. Micro-Raman spectroscopy was performed on this material and it was found to have an association to the poly(e-caprolactone-co-p-dioxanone) copolymer component of the plate polymer blend. 

See also PBT degradation structure and properties of, 44-46 synthesis of, 106, 191 Polycaprolactam (PCA), 530, 541 Poly(e-caprolactone) (CAPA, PCL), 28, 42, 86. See also PCL degradation OH-terminated, 98-99 Polycaprolactones, 213 Poly(carbo[dimethyl]silane)s, 450, 451 Polycarbonate glycols, 207 Polycarbonate-polysulfone block copolymer, 360 Polycarbonates, 213 chemical structure of, 5 Polycarbosilanes, 450-456 Poly(chlorocarbosilanes), 454 Polycondensations, 57, 100 Poly(l,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate) (PCT), 25 Polydimethyl siloxanes, 4 Poly(dioxanone) (PDO), 27 Poly (4,4 -dipheny lpheny lpho sphine oxide) (PAPO), 347 Polydispersity, 57 Polydispersity index, 444 Poly(D-lactic acid) (PDLA), 41 Poly(DL-lactic acid) (PDLLA), 42 Polyester amides, 18 Polyester-based networks, 58-60 Polyester carbonates, 18 Polyester-ether block copolymers, 20 Polyester-ethers, 26... 

There have been relatively few reports dealing with double-crystalline diblock copolymers [102-110,197-200]. The particular case of ABC triblock copolymers with two semicrystalline blocks will be presented in a separate section. Works pertaining to one of the most studied systems PCL-fo-PEO have already been previously reviewed [43]. Recently, probably the most comprehensive studies on double-crystalline diblock copolymer systems were performed on poly(p-dioxanone)-fc-PCL diblock copolymers, PPDX-fr-PCL, and therefore several important aspects of these works [102,103,107] will be summarized in this section. 

Fig. 6 a DSC cooling scans (10°Cmin ) for poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDX) homopolymers, diblock copolymers and a 50/50 blend, b Subsequent heating scans (10 °Cmin 1). (From [103], Reproduced with permission of the Royal Society of Chemistry)... 

Preparation of Copolymers II and III. Using the above general copolymerization scheme, two more copolymers of p-dioxanone/glycolide at 90/10 and 80/20 initial weight composition were prepared. The following amounts of reactants and catalysts were used. 

Effect of initiator type on copolvmer properties. Copolymer IV of p-dioxanone/glycolide at 90/10 weight composition was prepared using diethylene glycol (DEG) as the initiator. Fiber properties of the resulting copolymer were determined and compared with those of Copolymer II, which was made using 1-dodecanol as an initiator (as shown in Table IV). 

Ethylene oxide sterilized laonofilaments of copolymer II-A and a poly(p-dioxanone) were compared in terms of their in-vivo absorption and BSR (breaking strength retention) profiles. The BSR and absorption studies were conducted in rats according to the procedures described elsewhere. The comparative data of these studies are given in Table V. 

Poly-p-dioxanone and copolymers Poly-p-dioxanone (PDS) Copolymers of PDS and 1-lactide Copolymers of PDS and glycolide Poly-p-dioxanone-co-morpholine-2,5 dione Copolymers of p-dioxanone and polyethlyene-p-phenylene diglycolate Copolymers of polytrimethylene malonate and p-dioxanone A, B, F, G A, B, G A, B, G A, B, G A, B, G, J A, B, G, H... 

R.A. (2007) Lipase-catalyzed copolymerization of co-pentadecalactone with p-dioxanone and characterization of copolymer thermal and crystalline properties. Biomacromolecules, 8 (7), 2262-2269. 

PDS is produced by polymerization of p-dioxanone. The polymer has unusually high flexibility and, unlike copolymers of lactic and glycolic acid, can be used to produce a variety of monofilament sutures. Since PDS is a polyester, like pLA and pGA, the polymer chains break down by hydrolysis. Currently, PDS is also used in orthopedic applications (Orthosorb ), as a fixation element for bone repair. 

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