DIMETHACRYLATE COPOLYMER

Neuss and coworkers have reported the possibility of SMPs using PCL dimethacrylate copolymers as cellular scaffold for tissue engineering. Behaviors of different cells from three different species (human mesenchymal stem cells, human mesothelial cells, and rat mesothelial cells) on the matrices were investigated, and the differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells on the matrices was also analyzed [329]. The SMPs proved biocompatibility for all tested cell types, supporting viability and proliferation. The SMPs also supported the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells 3 weeks after induction. 

FI3. Fox, T. G., and J. C. H. Hwa Crosslinked polymers. III. Efficiency of intermolecular crosslinking before gelation in methyl methacrylate-diacrylate and dimethacrylate copolymers. Vortrag vor der Polymer Division of the 131st National Am. Chem. Soc. Meeting, Miami 1957. 

HI 1. Hwa, J. C. H. Measurements on the degree of crosslinking of high-conversion post-gelation methyl methacrylate-methylene dimethacrylate copolymers. J. Polymer Sci. 58, 715 (1962). 

Butyl methacrylate-ethylene dimethacrylate copolymer containing 0.3 wt.% 2-acryl-amido-2-methy 1-1 -propane-sulfonic acid... 

FIGURE 2.46 Poly(glycidyl methacrylate-ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) copolymer. 

Fig. 13. Release of insulin from an on-off switching insulin release system consisting of a glucose-sensor and an /V-isopropyla-crylamide-acrylic acid-diethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer gel, with the on-off addition of glucose. (The gel is a 1 cm cube of approx. 1 g in the test state it has absorbed water and has swollen)...

Another example of new sorbents is the molecular imprinted polymers (MIP) from the work of Siemann and co-workers (1996). They synthesized a methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer with atrazine as an imprint molecule. Imprint synthesis entails polymerization around an imprint species with monomers that are selected for their ability to form specific and definable interactions with the imprint molecule. The atrazine is chemically removed from the polymer leaving holes or cavities. The cavities are formed in the polymer matrix whose size and shape are complementary to that of the imprint molecule (Siemann et al., 1996). These recognition sites enable the polymer to rebind the imprint species selectively from a mixture of closely related compounds, in many instances with binding affinities approaching those demonstrated by antigen-antibody systems. 

Hradil, J.,F. Svec, and J. M. J. Frechet, Mechanism of Phase-Transfer Catalysis Using Glycidyl Methacrylate-Ethylene Dimethacrylate Copolymers Modified with Tributylammonium Groups in Nucleophilic Displacement Reactions, Polymer, 28, 7595(1987). 

The resins [1-11,54-57] are usually bead-like styrene-divinylbenzene (DVB) copolymers, containing 2-8% DVB, which is equivalent to X2-X8 crosslinking of the network. Pearl or ground (meth)acrylate-divinylbenzene or (meth)acrylate-ethyl-ene dimethacrylate copolymers are also used. The most usual products of these types... 

Copolymerization with acrylamide after maleylation of the enzyme Glutaraldehyde- or carbodi-imide-mediated reaction with glycidyl methacrylate-ethylene dimethacrylate copolymers or amino-derivatives thereof Entrapment between a glass electrode and a membrane... 

The seed latexes used as the cores of the imprinted particles were prepared from hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymers. The hydrophilic seeds were prepared from methyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate/ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate copolymers, while the hydrophobic seeds were composed of polystyrene or styre-ne/divinyl benzene copolymers. Hydrophilic- and hydrophobic-imprinted shells were then laid over these cores. It was found that the best cholesterol recognition was obtained with a hydrophilic-imprinted shell and a poly(methyl methacrylate) core. However, the performance deteriorated when the core was lightly cross-linked with ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate. In a second paper [10], imprinted polymers were prepared by the noncovalent approach with cholesterol rebinding relying upon hydrophobic interactions between cholesterol and the imprinted shell. To achieve this, the template was modified to give it the characteristics of a surfactant. The structure of the template surfactant is illustrated in Fig. 2. 

Papadopoulos, A., Bichara, D.A., Zhao, X., Ihusuki, S., Randolph, M.A., Anseth, K.S., et al., 2011. Injectable and photopolymerizahle tissue-engineered auricular cartilage using poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate copolymer hydrogels. Tissue Engineering Part A 17 (1-2), 161-169. 

Other work on polymerization in particulate form has included the preparation of polycyanoacrylate nanocapsules as potential lysomotropic carriers, the encapsulation of pancreatic islet cells in hydrogels, " suspension polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate-2-hydroxypropylene dimethacrylate copolymers as hydrophilic macroporous spheres for enzyme immobilization, and the synthesis of macro-porous hydrogels as potential haemoperfusion adsorbents. ... 

Similar data are available with styrene/divinylbenzene and methyl-methacrylate/ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymers (the second molecule providing cross-links). 

Pyrolysis of methyl methacrylate-ethylene dimethacrylate copolymer gives only one major peak (methyl methacrylate) using a hot filament detector. The composition of methyl methacrylate-ethylene dimethacrylate copolymer can be determined by pyrolysing a weighed sample and using the ratio of sample weight to area of the methyl methacrylate peak for obtaining a standard analysis curve. Under favourable conditions and with careful control of the pyrolysis column and detector, variable constituents can be determined within 0.5%. 

An internal-reflection prism cell has been used for reaction-kinetics measurement of styrene-unsaturated polyester resins at elevated curing temperatures and pressures [133]. Other researchers have estimated the cross-linking efficiency in methyl methacrylate-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer networks by laser Raman spectroscopy [134], while recently... 

If MX reacts with porous polymers, accessible pores are filled first. Such overgrown pores, which are associated with filling and shielding of the crosslinked macromolecule, is evidence for the MX contribution to a supramolecular buildup of macroligands. Thus it is impossible to predict the effect of a macrohgand pore size on complex formation for macroreticular glycidyl methacrylate-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer (Fig. 2) since the material has a bimodal and even polymodal pore distribution in radius. Nevertheless, it was shown that insertion of [RhCl(CO)2]2 in a polyamide is accompanied by a shift of the pore size to lower values some... 

An adipic acid-diethylene glycol copolymer, by treatment with a THF polymer or polypropylene glycol in the presence of chlorosulfonic acid, afforded polyether polyesters useful for the preparation of thermoplastic block copolyester rubbers and polyurethans. Strongly acid sulfonate derivatives of hydrophilic polymers may be prepared by reacting glycidyl methacrylate-ethylene dimethacrylate copolymer or ethylene dimethacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer with chlorosulfonic acid or oleum at 0-60 °C. ... 

Ethyl acrylate/tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer ... 

Typical examples of covalently cross-linked networks are a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers swollen in an organic solvent and ion-exchange resins made from cross-linked polystyrene sulfonate, poly(/ -aminostyrene), or 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer swollen in water, which is the typical material used for soft contact lenses. Table 1 gives a classification of gels. 

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