Diethanolamine production

Although only cardol in CNSL has bifunctionality, attempts have been made to modify cardanol to the same effect. Thus reaction of (15 1)-cardanol with phenol in the presence of boron trifluoride afforded the 1,8-bis(hydroxyphenyl)pentadecane structure (ref. 261). Reaction then with a molar proportion of epichlorhydrin and polymerisation resulted in final products considered to be superior in properties to and cheaper than those derived from bisphenol A. The corresponding fully saturated cardbisphenol compound has been converted to a water soluble bis Mannich base by reaction with diethanolamine and formaldehyde (ref. 262) of value for cathodic electrodeposition. In another case of a related bis diethanolamine product, it was found necessary to react the hydroxyl groups with the monoisocyanate resulting from treatment of tolylenediisocyanate (TDI) with a molecular proportion of cardanol (ref. 263) in order to obtain a suitable binder for... 

The colourless solids (A ) differ from (A) (Section 2.4) in being insoluble in organic solvents. However, on being reacted with Al(OPr )3, (A ) also yields a hetero-bimetalUc diethanolaminate product (B ) which is a colourless, soluble, monomeric non-volatile sohd (Eq. 3.99). 

Cosmetics and Personal Care Products. Alkanolamines ate important taw materials in the manufacture of creams (95—97), lotions, shampoos, soaps, and cosmetics. Soaps (98) formed from triethanolamine and fatty acids ate mild, with low alkalinity and excellent detergency. Triethanolamine lauryl sulfate is a common base for shampoos (99—101) and offers significant mildness over sodiumlauryl sulfate. Diethanolamine lauryl sulfate and fatty acid soaps of mono- and trietban olamine can also be used in shampoos and bubble bath formulations. Chemistry similar to that used in soluble oils and other emulsifiers is appUcable to cleansing creams and lotions (102,103). Alkanolamides or salts ate added to the shampoo base to give a smooth, dense foam (104). 

Urea maybe reacted with acetoacetic ester and that product nitrated to give 5-nitro-orotec acid That is hydrogenated, then reacted with urea and potassium cyanate to give tetrahydroxypy-imidopyrimidine. The tetrahydroxy compound Is converted to the tetrachloro compound POCI3. Reaction with diethanolamine and then with piperidine gives dipyridamole. 

Distill a diethanolamine-triethanolamine mixture to produce a 99.0 wt% DEA distillate product and a 95.0 wt% TEA bottoms product. The design material balance is as follows ... 

Diethanolamine is a favored absorbent due to its lower corrosion rate, smaller amine loss potential, fewer utility requirements, and minimal reclaiming needs. Diethanolamine also reacts reversibly with 75% of carbonyl sulfides (COS), while the mono- reacts irreversibly with 95% of the COS and forms a degradation product that must be disposed of. 

Formulated products tend to use a 10 to 20% neutralized erythorbate, buffered to pH of 5 to 6 with ammonia, morpholine, cyclohexy-lamine, diethanolamine (DEA), or triethanolamine (TEA) to reduce the acidity of erythorbic acid. Similarly, amines are used with sodium erythorbate to improve the reaction rate. 

Diethanolamine (DEA), 2,2 -iminodiethanol di( -ethyloxy)aniline. HN-(CH2CH2OH)2, MW = 105.1. Sp. gr. = 1.097. Flash point = 280 °F. Also used as an absorbent for acidic gases in petrochemical operations. Hygroscopic. Available as a 98.5+% alkyl amine commodity product from various international manufacturers, including Texaco Corporation. Commonly available through chemical distributors. 

Example 4. Glycolysis of Polyurethanes with Propylene Oxide after Pretreatment with a Mixture of Diethanolamine and Potassium Hydroxide.57 Polyurethane scrap was treated with a mixture of diethanolamine and potassium hydroxide at a temperature between about 80 and 140° C with stirring to form an intermediate product. The weight ratio of the scrap PUR polymer to the mixture of diethanolamine and potassium hydroxide was from about 15 1 to 30 1. The intermediate product was reacted with propylene oxide at a temperature of from about 100 to 120°C in a closed reaction vessel to form a polyol. The propylene oxide was added at a rate to maintain a pressure of from about 2 to 5 atm (29-73 psi). The progress of the reaction was followed by following the change of pressure with time. When the pressure remained constant, the reaction of the intermediate product with propylene oxide was considered to be complete. The crude polyol obtained was treated with 10 mol % excess of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid to remove the potassium hydroxide. 

A cooling, lubricating, and cleaning agent for use by the metalworking industry has been patented. It is produced by the condensation reaction of an excess diethanolamine or monoethanolamine with boric acid and an ether carboxylic acid or mixtures of ether carboxylic acids and fatty acids [46]. An advantage of these products is that they prevent the deposition of lime soaps. 

Also the impact of various reaction parameters on enzymatic synthesis of amide surfactants from ethanolamine and diethanolamine has been studied, although the possibilities of acyl migration are not investigated. However, it was found that the selectivity of the reaction depended on the solubility of the product in the solvent used, and that the choice of solvent was critical to obtain an efficient process [17]. 

The results in Table 13.2 indicate that the degree of swell decreases in the order of products capped with ammonia, 2-aminoethanol, diisopropanolamine, and diethanolamine, which is in line... 

P. E. Chaplanov, A. D. Chemikov, O. G. Mironov, G. N. Semanov, A. G. Svinukhov, A. G. Yaremenko, F. V. Linchevskij, N. A. Melnik, 1. A. Murashev, and I. S. Akhmetzhanov. Removing oils and petroleum products from water surfaces—using mixture of oxyethylated alkyl-phenol, alkyl-phosphate and fatty acid diethanolamine. Patent SU 1325816-A, 1992. 

Davidow (19), of the Food and Drug Administration, has described a colorimetric method applicable to technical chlordan. The method is based on the observation that when technical chlordan is heated with a mixture of diethanolamine and methanolic potassium hydroxide, a purple color is produced. When known amounts of this insecticide were added to cabbage, pears, and fresh and rancid rat fat, recoveries of 74 to 104% of the insecticide were obtained. However, because two crystalline isomers of chlordan isolated from the technical product do not give a colored reaction product with the reagent, further investigation of the method is being made. The red color obtained when technical chlordan is heated with pyridine, alcoholic alkali, and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, as described by Ard (2), likewise fails with the crystalline isomers of this insecticide. 

The product gases are freed from ammonia by scmbbing with sulfuric acid and the hydrogen cyanide is then absorbed in water or diethanolamine. Invented in 1930 by L. Andmssov at IG Farbenindustrie, Germany. 

MP borohydride catches one equivalent of the titanium catalyst, while the polystyrene-bound diethanolamine resin (PS-DEAM) can scavenge the remaining titanium catalyst. The borohydride reagent also assists in the reductive animation reaction. Final purification of the crude amine product is achieved with a polystyrene-bound toluene sulfonic acid resin scavenger that holds the amine through an ion exchange reaction, while impurities are washed off. The pure amine can be recovered with methanol containing 2M ammonium hydroxide. 

Many of the cutting fluids used today are of the synthetic variety, and usually contain an alkanolamine and sodium nitrite in varying proportions, as well as other ingredients. Most manufacturers have not, until very recently, determined the presence of NDEIA in their products. This situation is changing rapidly. In Canada, the government has moved to ban the importation, sale, and advertisement of products (cutting fluids) which contain any nitrite when diethanolamine or triethanolamine is also present (44). 

Ethyl Diethanolamine, US Military Requirements and Tests, as described in Specification MIL-E-10660B (CmlC), 27 Apr 1959- Accdg to Notice 1, 3 Feb 1972, theraaterial covered by the spec was used in the production of Nitrogen Mustard, HN—1, which is obsolete. Nevertheless, it. is of interest to describe this Spec REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS ... 

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