Dietary laws

With the exception of Israel all countries are Arabian speaking countries. They also have the Muslim religion in common. Muslim dietary laws are based on the Quran, see chapter 7.8. 

The kosher dietary laws kashruth are observed to varying degrees by members of the Jewish faith. Because there are almost 6 million Jews living in the USA at this time and almost 400 000 in Canada and in addition Seventh-Day Adventists and Muslims who purchase specific kosher foods to meet their religious needs, kosher has become an important issue in food production in the USA. From there it has been spreading to the European food industry. 

General Quranic guidance dictates that all foods are halal except those that are specifically mentioned as haram (unlawful or prohibited). The Islamic dietary laws may be divided according to the basic three food groups ... 

Animals have to be slaughtered before being fit for hiunan consumption, the slaughtering processes are regulated by different rules for each religion. Muslims may eat kosher meat but Jews not halal one. Furthermore, according to kosher dietary laws meat and dairy products must be eaten separately. 

An Introduction to the Kosher Dietary Laws for Food Scientists and Food Processors - J.M. Regenstein -l- C.E. Regenstein - Food Technol 33, 89-99 (1979)... 

An Introduction to Moslem Dietary Laws - S. Twaigery and D. Spillman - Food Technol. 43, 88-... 

Kosher dietary laws divide all food and their ingredients into four categories dairy, parve, meat and non-kosher. 

Like many religions, Islam has established dietary rules for believers to follow. The Quran (Surah 5 3-4) provides the canonical basis for these dietary laws that were explained by the Prophet Mohanuned and codified by the various schools of Islanflc law [ 12], The rule is that all foods are halal that are not haram (prohibited). The imposition of these laws was to promote good hygiene, prevent intoxication and make believers ntindful of their debt to God for His sustenance [12]. Prohibited foods include ... 

Reman Catholic Historically, the most notable dietary law ii Chnsiianiiv was die Homan Catholic ban on eating meat on Friday. Doling the reign ol Pope John XXII, this ban was lifted... 

Graek Bithodox-Dietary laws have been mier-pneted more kbeialy in lecem years. On fast days— days meal and dairy products are resiricied-shell Osh may be eaten. Kalii/a, a boded whole wheat dish, is important in memorial seniices lor the dead. 

In Grace Abounding Bunyan describes how he learned to interpret the Bible typologically, taking as his example a chapter in Deuteronomy setting out Jewish dietary laws by which some animals are to be regarded as clean , and may be eaten, and others as unclean and not to be eaten. 

Regulation, and the FQPA in particular, has advanced knowledge of pesticide risks and addressed residential risks reasonably well, but has done little to reduce pesticide dietary risks. The FQPA is fundamentally sound law, but it has not delivered fully on its promise to reduce children s pesticide risks because of the EPA s hesitancy to fully use the law s strong new provisions. 

What defines a dietary supplement versus a drug As defined by Congress in the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (which became law in 1994), a dietary supplement is a product (other than tobacco) that ... 

Products containing ephedra were used extensively by the American public for weight loss and to enhance athletic performance. Ephedra, a stimulant similar to amphetamine, increases blood pressure and heart rate after only one dose, significantly increasing a person s risk of heart attack, stroke, and death. Because ephedra is a dietary supplement, the FDA did not review its safety or efficacy before it became available to the American public. According to law, the FDA could only prohibit the sale of the dietary supplement if it was proven to present a significant or unreasonable risk of injury. 

In either coeliac disease or gluten intolerance there is a need for products that do not contain gluten. In the case of special dietary needs the ordinary food laws are set aside. This is of course an entirely logical position to take. 

The first edition1 of this book was published approximately 13 years ago. Its primary objective was to present an overview and a "roadmap" of the process of new drug discovery and development, particularly oriented to individuals or companies entering the pharmaceutical field. It was written by one of the authors (Smith), with no contributors, and drawn on Smith s experiences in the industry and field over the course of nearly 40 years. In the second edition, the scope of the first book has been expanded and technical details in the form of hard data have been included. In addition to the editors own commentary and contributions, the major part of the book is the result of contributions of experts in the industry. New chapters on risk assessment, international harmonization of drug development and regulation, dietary supplements, patent law, and entrepreneurial startup of a new pharmaceutical company have been added. Some of the important, basic operational aspects of drug discovery and development (e.g., organizational matters, staff requirements, pilot plant operations, etc.) are not repeated in this book but can be found in the first edition. 

Government agencies have never had sufficient resources to cope with the enormous amount of deception in the marketing of herbs, dietary supplements, and homeopathic products. Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act made the problem worse. Without an adequate law, the FDA cannot curb the deceptive marketing of what DSHEA calls dietary supplements. Regulators have the power to ban homeopathic remedies but have shown no interest in doing so. 

Law K, Palace VP, Halldorson T, Danell R, Wautier K, Evans B, Alaee M, Marvin C, Tomy GT (2006) Dietary accumulation of Hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) I biomaccumulation parameters and evidence of bioisomerization. Environ Toxicol Chem 25 1757-1761... 

The kind of natural products listed in the table above, however, are not defined in the United States today as drugs hut as dietary supplements, nutritional supplements, natural foods, or some similar nondrug product. Such products are not subject to the same standards of testing as are synthetic drugs. They are regulated by the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 (Public Law 103-417). According to that law, the makers of natural products used... 

Very special quality demands and quality systems are those for the production and certification of kosher and halal products, which at the time are gaining in importance all over the world. Kashrut is the body of Jewish law dealing with what foods Jews can and cannot eat and how those foods must be prepared. Kashrut originates from the ffebrew and means fit , proper or correct . The more commonly known word kosher comes from the same roots and refers to foodstuffs that meet these dietary requirements of Jewish law. Halal is an... 

---