Diesel generators selection

It is common practice to provide a standby emergency source of supply at all important installations such as large factories, railways, airports and other essential services. This is usually achieved with the use of a captive diesel generator (DG) set (Figure 16.1). Here we briefly discuss these machines, their characteristics and selection for a required application. We also consider schemes that are commonly used to start a DG set and run it individually or in parallel with an existing source of supply, which may be another DG set or an infinite bus. 

EGSG Idaho s Idaho National Engineering Laboratory reviewed Licensee Event Reports (LERs), both qualitatively and quantitatively, to extract reliability information in support of the USNRC s effort to gather and analyze component failure data for U.S. commercial nuclear power plants. LERs describing failures or command faults (failure due to lack of needed input) for selected components have been analyzed in this program. Separate reports have been issued for batteries and battery chargers, control rods and drive mechanisms, diesel generators, ISC, Inverters, primary containment penetrations, protective relays and circuit breakers, pumps, and valves. 

Data for unavailability and lambdas were taken from the Guide to PSA (AICHE, 1989) for the majority of mechanical equipment, valves and diesel generators data for pressure switches, analysers and stirrer, were taken from Table 5.1 Data on selected process systems and equipment (Bari, 1985). 

AR305 1.9 Selection, design, qualification, and testing of emergency diesel generator units used as Class 1E... 

A specific case where careful consideration of equipment selection must be made is emergency power distribution systems relating to imderground mines. If an AFE PWM drive is applied on a mine hoist drive that is utilized is a means of egress and is powered from a distribution system supphed by a diesel generator then the interaction of the various components must be thoroughly reviewed. 

In selected cases described in this section, batteries provide the main source of propulsion of the vehicle. However, hybrid systans are beconung more popular due to their specifications flexibility and variety of different power source devices available for hybridization [45]. In hybrid power systems, batteries can be coupled with fuel cells, capacitors, supercapacitors, hydrocarbon fuel engines, or diesel generators. The role of the battery in such hybrids is typically to assist in loadbalancing and/or to provide more efficiency in meeting power requirements [46]. More detailed discussion of hybrid power systems is included in Chap. 6 of this book. 

Koebel M, Elsener M (1998) Oxidation of Diesel-Generated Volatile Organic Compounds in the Selective Catalytic Reduction Process. Ind Eng Chem Res 37(10) 3864-3868... 

Two onsite standby diesel generator units, each furnished with its own support subsystems, provide power to the selected plant ac loads. Power supplies to each diesel generator subsystem components are provided from separate sources to maintain reliability and operability of the onsite standby power system. 

Two onsite standby diesel generators power the onsite standby power system. This supplies power to selected loads in the event of the loss of the normal or the preferred ac power supplies. These loads provide defence-in-depth functionality. The diesel generators are automatically started and connected to their respective buses. In the event of a fast bust transfer, the diesel connection to the bus is delayed such that the fast bus and residual transfer is allowed to initiate. 

The ac power cut would last for up to approximately two minutes, until such time as the onsite standby diesel generators started, warmed up and loaded or the plant operators transferred selected loads to the single reserve auxiliary transformer. This condition would result in a reactor trip, because of the loss of the four reactor coolant pumps, which are powered from the unit auxiliary transformer buses. 

Selection, design and qualification of diesel generator units used as 71/03... 

The selection of plant locations affected by a DBEE (e.g. site areas, buildings and exposed equipment) should be made carefully, since the possible effects on any particular function caused by the impairment of a system may not be obvious. For example, the repair time for a power fine damaged by an event may determine the minimum amount of stored fuel required for the diesel generators, if the supply of diesel oil from sources nearby cannot be guaranteed. Failure of a ventilation system due to an aircraft crash may lead to a temperature rise inside a building, which in turn may cause the malfunctioning of electronic and pneumatic equipment. 

Regulatory Guide 1.9, "Selection, Design, Qualification, Testing, and Reliability of Diesel Generator Units Used as Class IE Onsite Electric Power Systems at Nuclear Power Plants, Working Draft, November 28, 1989. 

VISRC has committed to the performance of a vertical slice assessment of modifications performed on K-Reactor during the current long outage. Twenty-three modifications were chosen and, of these, six were selected for initial review. These modifications range from the 107 Diesel Generator and Distribution System to the UT Trailer addition. WSRC has also written procedure RP 5.1504, "Vertical Slice Reviews" (Reference 14) for use in this review. In this procedure, WSRC defined the make-up of review teams and defined minimum qualification criteria for the members. WSRC also defined a system for the resolution and reporting of comments and findings (if any). 

Liss-Suter D, Villaume JE, Goldstein FJ. 1978. A literature review - problem definition studies on selected toxic chemicals. Volume 8 Environmental aspects of diesel fuels and fog oils SGF no. 1 and SGF no. 2 and smoke screens generated from them. Philadelphia, PA Franklin Institute Research Laboratories. Final report. Contract no. DAMD 17-77-C-7020. ADAO56021. 

---