Hybrid power systems

The bumper to bumper measures 4.6 m (15.18 ft) weighs 815 kg (1793 lb) that includes 1200 lb (550 kg) of plastics has a gas/electric hybrid power system, air bags, neon tube tail-lamps, etc. and gets 132 km (60 miles) per gallon of fuel. Huatong and the Chinese government have funded 100 million in this global project. 

There is a major potential for energy conservation in transportation, by increasing the energy efficiency of automobiles. The recent commercialization of hybrid vehicles, which combine electric and gasoline motors, demonstrates how much more efficient automobile transport can be. Hybrid power systems deliver double the fuel efficiency of conventional engines. Moreover, as fuel cells are perfected, even greater energy efficiencies may be achieved. 

Morea F, Viciguerra G, Cucchi D, Valencia C. Life cycle cost evaluation of off-grid PV-wind hybrid power systems. In 29th International Telecommunications Energy... 

Integrated Gasification Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems Requirements... 

A. Matzakos, S. L. Wellington, T. Mikus and J. M. Ward, Integrated flameless distributed combustion/steam reforming membrane reactor for hydrogen production and use thereof in zero emissions hybrid power system, U.S. Patent 6 821 501, 2004. 

Layne A., Holcombe N., National Energy Technology Laboratory, 2000. Fuel cell / gas turbine hybrid power systems for distributed generation a status report. Global Gas... 

Veyo, S.E., Lundberg, W.L., Vora, S.D., and Litzinger, K.P. (2003) Tubular SOFC hybrid power system status. Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2003 Power for Land, Sea, and Air, Atlanta, Georgia, ASME Paper 2003-GT-38943. 

Technological use of hybrid power systems need not, probably will not, be limited to land transportation. It is possible that aviation-a transport sector that went from conventional to jet engines in the middle of the 20th century-could become considerably more economical and ecological by a combination of power sources. 

In selected cases described in this section, batteries provide the main source of propulsion of the vehicle. However, hybrid systans are beconung more popular due to their specifications flexibility and variety of different power source devices available for hybridization [45]. In hybrid power systems, batteries can be coupled with fuel cells, capacitors, supercapacitors, hydrocarbon fuel engines, or diesel generators. The role of the battery in such hybrids is typically to assist in loadbalancing and/or to provide more efficiency in meeting power requirements [46]. More detailed discussion of hybrid power systems is included in Chap. 6 of this book. 

Abstract Despite the versatility of lithium-ion cell chemistry, some specihc applications require performance parameters that cannot be met by lithium-ion cells alone. Therefore, the field of hybrid systems containing a lithium-ion component and another power or energy component is rapidly growing. Hybrid power systems such as lithium-ion cells with ultracapacitors, as well as lithium-ion cells with lithium-air batteries are discussed herein. 

In most cases, successful hybridization of two or more power sources is expected to prolong the cycle life of a resulting systan since each component performs at the power and/or energy conditions that are close to their respective optimum range. The best utilization of a hybrid system is often assured by the sophisticated hybrid electronic battery management system (BMS) much work has been done on simplifying the BMS for the emerging hybrid power systems [1, 11-15]. Even with the current improvements, the need for a DC/DC converter to link the hybrid components to the power bus still contributes to mass, value, Ufe, and cost analysis of the hybrid system and presents an opportunity for improvement. 

Design Considerations for a Fuel Cell/Li-ion Rechargeable Battery Hybrid Power System... 

Power Sharing and Management in Hybrid Power Systems... 

Hybrid power sources containing lithium-ion cells or batteries are introduced in Chap. 6. In this chapter, the rationale behind hybrid systems is given, along with the advantages and disadvantages of these devices. Hybrid power systems, such as lithium-ion cell with an ultracapacitor as well as lithium-ion cell with a lithium-air battery are analyzed in this chapter, supported by specific examples of hybrid systems and their demonstrated performance. 

Proceedings of the Second DOE/UN International Conference and Workshop on Hybrid Power Systems. April 16-17,2002. Proceedings can be found online at http //www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/02/Hvbrid/hvbrid02.html... 

Before highlighting the advantage of hybridization, it is useful to introduce the criteria which will be used to measure the performances of the hybrid power system but also the intrinsic performances of the unitary elements. Conventionally, there are six criteria that can be used [BEN 05 ALL 10] ... 

Wolf, B. J. Simulation of hybrid power system using molten carbonate fuel cell for distributive enei y generation. MS Thesis, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 2007. 

---