Dicarboxylic acids ethylene derivatives

A dispersant that can be used in drilling fluids, spacer fluids, cement slurries, completion fluids, and mixtures of drilling fluids and cement slurries controls the rheologic properties of and enhances the filtrate control in these fluids. The dispersant consists of polymers derived from monomeric residues, including low-molecular-weight olefins that may be sulfonated or phosphonated, unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, ethylenically unsaturated anhydrides, unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, vinyl alcohols and diols, and sulfonated or phosphonated styrene. The sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, and carboxylic acid groups on the polymers may be present in neutralized form as alkali metal or ammonium salts [192,193]. 

The 7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptene derivative (57) decomposes in hot aqueous sodium carbonate solution to give A-benzylpyrrole-3,4-dicarboxylic acid and, presumably, ethylene. Furan-3,4-dicarboxylic acid derivatives are formed analogously on heating the 7-oxabicyclo-[2.2.1]heptene diesters (58). The only thermal decomposition of a... 

Acrylic acid [79-10-7] - [AIR POLLUTION] (Vol 1) - [ALDEHYDES] (Vol 1) - [ALLYL ALCOHOL AND MONOALLYL DERIVATIVES] (Vol 2) - [MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, MALEIC ACID AND FUMARIC ACID] (Vol 15) - [POLYESTERS, UNSATURATED] (Vol 19) - [FLOCCULATING AGENTS] (Vol 11) - [CARBOXYLICACIDS - SURVEY] (Vol 5) -from acetylene [ACETYLENE-DERIVED CHEMICALS] (Vol 1) -from acrolein [ACROLEIN AND DERIVATIVES] (Vol 1) -acrylic esters from [ACRYLIC ESTER P OLYMERS - SURVEY] (Vol 1) -from carbon monoxide [CARBON MONOXIDE] (Vol 5) -C-21 dicarboxylic acids from piCARBOXYLIC ACIDS] (Vol 8) -decomposition product [MAT. ETC ANHYDRIDE, MALEIC ACID AND FUMARIC ACID] (Vol 15) -economic data [CARBOXYLIC ACIDS - ECONOMIC ASPECTS] (Vol 5) -ethylene copolymers [IONOMERS] (Vol 14) -in floor polishes [POLISHES] (Vol 19) -in manufacture of ion-exchange resins [ION EXCHANGE] (V ol 14) -in methacrylate copolymers [METHACRYLIC POLYMERS] (Vol 16) -in papermaking [PAPERMAKING ADDITIVES] (Vol 18)... 

In equation 1, a dicarboxylic acid derivative called an anhydride (literally without water ) reacts with ethylene glycol, a di-alcohol, to form a linear polyester and the byproduct water. Ethylene glycol is the major ingredient in most automotive radiator fluids. In equation 2, the ethylene glycol is replaced with a tri-alcohol, glycerol. As the reaction proceeds, the polyester does not form linear chains, but rather becomes crosslinked as the three OH groups react with phthalic anhydride, building up a three-dimensional structure. 

The ability to accept electrons from donors is particularly pronounced in acrylic acid derivatives [85] its alkyl esters [78, 87, 88], acrylonitrile [88], acrylamide, hydroxylacrylates [85], and further in styrenes substituted with an electronegative atom or group m-nitrostyrene, 2,6-dichlorostyrene [86], / -nitrostyrene [89] bicyclobutane-1-carbonitrile [89] lactones /J-propio-Iactone [85], sulfolactone vinyl ketones [87] unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and their derivatives diethyl fumarate, fumaronitrile [90], ROOC—N— N—COOR [86], cyclic anhydrides of diacids [91 ], particularly maleic anhydride [78, 92] ethylenes substituted with electronegative groups [93, 95]... 

In our discussion we tacitly assumed that the vinyl or vinylidene radical-anions dimerize by the tail-to-tail coupling. This mode of coupling is thermodynamically the most probable whether other modes occur in some systems is still unknown. However, carboxylation of the dimers derived from styrene, a-methyl styrene and 1,1-diphenyl ethylene, conclusively proved that the 1,4-dicarboxylic acids derived from the tail-to-tail coupling are the only detectable products of the reaction"). 

Electrolysis Ethylene derivatives from v/c-dicarboxylic acids... 

Lead tetraacetate pyridine Ethylene derivatives from v/c-dicarboxylic acids s. 14,985 from v/c-dicarboxylic acid anhydrides cf. C. A. Cupas and W. S. Roadi, Chem. Commun. 1969, 1486... 

We expected that polyarylates derived from 4,4 -diphenyl-dicarboxylic acid(BB) would show increased stability of the liquid crystalline state compared with PEC due to the longer mesogen unit,but at the same time,we were afraid that melting temperatures(Tms) of these polyarylates would be very high because Tm of poly(ethylene 4,4 -diphenyldicarboxylate) was much higher than that of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(methylhydroquinone terephtalate)(Me-HQ/TA) showed no liquid liquid crystallinity even at the temprature above 450 C. 

Dicarboxylic acids from cyclic ethylene derivs. 

Synthesis of dicarboxylic acids from ethylene derivatives... 

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