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Selective detonation

Permitted explosives with a higher grade of safety are powder explosives. They contain a minimum percentage of nitroglycerine-ni-troglycol to ensure reliable initiation and transmission of detonation and to exclude slow deflagration reactions. The mechanism of salt-pair detonation in confined and unconfined conditions is explained in -> Detonation, Selective Detonation. [Pg.246]

The problem of flame arrestment, either of deflagrations or detonations, depends on the properties of the gas mixture involved plus the initial temperature and pressure. Gas mixture combustion properties cannot be quantified for direc t use in flame arrester selection and only general charac teristics can be assigned. For this reason, flame arrester performance must be demonstrated by realistic testing. Such... [Pg.2301]

Operating Temperature and Pressure Arresters are certified subject to maximum operating temperatures and absolute pressures normally seen at the arrester location. Arrester placement in relation to heat sources, such as incinerators, must be selected so that the allowable temperature is not exceeded, with due consideration for the detonation potential as run-up distance is increased. [Pg.2302]

Fig. 1.1. The pressure range over which shock-compression events are of interest is very broad. Quite different and distinctive behaviors are to be expected at the various pressures. The figure shows pressures produced by impact and detonation as well as physical (p), mechanical (m), and chemical (c) events at selected pressures. The indicated impact pressures are those for impactor and target materials which are the same. Fig. 1.1. The pressure range over which shock-compression events are of interest is very broad. Quite different and distinctive behaviors are to be expected at the various pressures. The figure shows pressures produced by impact and detonation as well as physical (p), mechanical (m), and chemical (c) events at selected pressures. The indicated impact pressures are those for impactor and target materials which are the same.
This book covers many aspects of DBA design, selection, specification, installadon, and maintenance. It explains how varions types of flame arresters differ, how they are constrncted, and how they work, ft also describes when a flame arrester is an effective solntion for mitigation of deflagrations and detonations, and other means of protection (e.g., oxidant concentration rednction) that may be nsed. It also briefly covers some aspects of dnst deflagration protection. [Pg.2]

Knittel, T. 1993. In Line (Detonation) Flame Arresters—Function, Certification, Selection and Application. Paper 10c. Paper presented at the 27th Annual AlCliE Loss Prevention Symposium, March 30-April 1, 1993, Houston, TX. [Pg.48]

The ranges of mixture composition pins operating temperature and pressure are important. Unless a detonation flame arrester is used, it is essential to ensure that DDT will not occur after a flame enters the system. Even if a detonation flame arrester is used, it is important to use the correct type of arrester for the service. For example, if it is possible for a flame to approach from either direction, a bidirectional flame arrester must be selected. [Pg.118]

It is emphasized that the system shown in Figure 5-13 represents only a simplification of actual plant installations, which may he more complex. If it is not obvious at which point ignition is likely to occur, a flame arrester installed in an actual plant may have to he selected to face a comhination of the conditions shown in Figure 5-13. Therefore, for manifolded vent systems, the arrester should he a hidirectional, detonation type, and hoth sides of the arrester element should he provided with thermocouples to detect a stable flame. [Pg.123]

Deflagration and detonation flame arresters should be inspected annually until operating experience indicates otherwise. Also, the need for frequent inspection and maintenance may affect the selection of one type of flame arrester over another type for a specific application. For example, a hydraulic (liquid seal) flame arrester may be more suitable than a dry, fixed-element, flame arrester if the latter requires frequent inspecdon and maintenance because of persistent plugging problems. [Pg.128]

Werneburg, H. and Lapp, K. 1997. Detonation Arrester Testing and Selection A North American Perspective. Paper presented at the CONCAWE Safety Seminar on Vapour Recovery Units, March 5, 1997, Brussels, Belgium. [Pg.196]

Comparison Data for Selected Hydrocarbon-Air Mixtures for Deflagrations and Detonations... [Pg.484]

Figure 7-42B. Comparison of flammability and detonation range limits in air for selected hydrocarbons and mixtures. By permission, Ref. [41], Stull, The Dow Chemical Co. and The American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Monograph No. 10, Vol. 73 (1977). Figure 7-42B. Comparison of flammability and detonation range limits in air for selected hydrocarbons and mixtures. By permission, Ref. [41], Stull, The Dow Chemical Co. and The American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Monograph No. 10, Vol. 73 (1977).
The preceding paragraphs have been primarily devoted to a brief description of the methods of measuring detonation pressure and the presentation of selected measurement data. We have emphasized that both theory and measurements entail considerable uncertainty. Thus comparison between theory and observation is at best rather risky. Nevertheless, the P j vs loading... [Pg.846]

Although it is evident that initiators represent a broad spectrum of items and designs, both percussion and electric, the contents of this treatise will deal only with three selected types of percussion items ie, percussion primers, stab primers and/or detonators, and friction primers... [Pg.850]

The selection of a stab detonator for a specific application requires a consideration of both input and output (Ref 7). The situation exactly duplicates the problems encountered in the selection of a percussion primer. However, as previously discussed, the end purpose of a detonator is different the input energies are significantly lower, and the output is intended to initiate a high expl. In addition to the main criteria, consideration must also be given to size, weight, cost, and reliability... [Pg.859]

When designing a stab detonator, the engineer will select the firing pin so that the entire initiation mechanism is under control. This permits close coordination with other systems designers involved in the weapon development, and thus insures that the stab detonator will receive the proper stimulus... [Pg.859]

The following are somewhat subjective selections from the vast amount of recent published material on solid proplnts. These short abstracts are grouped under the headings of ignition, combustion, reactivity, detonability safety, analytical procedures data, and miscellaneous. In each grouping the abstracts are arranged chronologically... [Pg.932]

Delay detonators for use in coal mines must be constructed so as not to ignite methane/air mixtures even if iired accidentally outside a cartridge of a blasting explosive. This requires a suitable selection of fusehead and the provision of the delay element in a form which will not produce large particles of hot slag on burning. In the British design the delay elements are... [Pg.119]


See other pages where Selective detonation is mentioned: [Pg.21]    [Pg.309]    [Pg.21]    [Pg.309]    [Pg.33]    [Pg.38]    [Pg.390]    [Pg.2300]    [Pg.2301]    [Pg.2304]    [Pg.162]    [Pg.241]    [Pg.3]    [Pg.17]    [Pg.120]    [Pg.154]    [Pg.218]    [Pg.484]    [Pg.484]    [Pg.161]    [Pg.241]    [Pg.125]    [Pg.168]    [Pg.68]    [Pg.113]    [Pg.1654]    [Pg.153]    [Pg.39]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.84 ]




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