Detector mounting

The uppermost curve shows the response from the detector mounted on the heat exchanger... 

Nature In monitoring a moving threadhne, one criterion of quality would be the frequency of broken filaments. These can be identified as they occur through the threadhne by a broken-filament detector mounted adjacent to the threadhne. In this context, the random occurrences of broken filaments can be modeled by the Poisson distribution. This is called a Poisson process and corresponds to a probabilistic description of the frequency of defects or, in general, what are called arrivals at points on a continuous line or in time. Other examples include ... 

TYPICAL EXPLOSION DETECTOR MOUNTED WITH FLEXIBLE STANDOFF HOSE ... 

The degree of conversion of the reactant and the concentration of oxidised products were carefully monitored by HPLC analysis. Sample components were separated on an ion-exchange column (Sarasep Car-H, 300mm x 7.8mm i.d.) using a 0.0004M H2SO4 mobile phase and detected by UV and RI detectors mounted in series. 

Vibration Vibration can be a major disruption and destractive influence for any form of instrumentation. FTIR is a special case because the fundamental measurement is vibration sensitive. Care must be taken to ensure that the mirror drive, and associated optics and components are immune to vibration. Note that mirror mounts, and even detector mounts can be a source of vibrational interference. From a more basic standpoint, constant vibration can work components loose, and so the extensive use of a screw bonding adhesives, is strongly recommended. 

When the energy of the charged particle beam is too large to easily stop the beam in a Faraday cup, the beam intensity is frequently monitored by a secondary ionization chamber. These ion chambers have thin entrance and exit windows and measure the differential energy loss when the beam traverses them. They must be calibrated to give absolute beam intensities. If the charged particle beam intensity is very low (<106 particles/s), then individual particles can be counted in a plastic scintillator detector mounted on a photomultiplier tube. 

The gas chromatograph is equipped with a 63Ni electron capture detector mounted in parallel with a flame ionisation detector and an auxiliary vent by the use of a column effluent splitter. The separation is performed on a 4.8mm od, 6m long stainless steel column packed with 16.5% silicone oil DC-550 on Chromosorb W AW DMCS. 

Fig. 5. Calibration measurement of solid hydrogen film layer thickness via energy loss of a particles [27,28]. Americium a source is embedded on the surface of the gold-plated copper substrate, onto which hydrogen thin film is deposited by releasing the gas through porous sintered metal (diffuser). Silicon detector, mounted on the vertically movable diffuser, measured the a particle energy loss in the film, which is converted the thickness using the stopping power...

Problem 3.4 Positrons in a 5mm-diameter beam are detected in two different ways (a) directly by a channeltron (lOmm-diameter mouth) placed at the end of an evacuated beam line, and (b) indirectly via annihilation radiation from the channeltron by a 75mm-diameter, 75mm-long Nal(Tl) crystal on a PM detector mounted outside the vacuum system directly to one side of the channeltron. The distance from the channeltron to the front face of the scintillator is 100mm, and the intrinsic detection efficiency of the... 

The gas chromatograph is equipped with a Ni electron capture detector mounted in parallel with a flame ionization detector . ... 

Hence, different from what has been described for the other mass analyzers, where the ion detection is obtained by a suitable detector mounted outside the analyzers themselves, the ICR system acts either as the mass analyzer or as the ion detector. 

Figure 16 shows a pulse height spectrum recorded in an ion-implanted-silicon surface barrier detector mounted in the zero degree direction of the electron cooler in CRYRING. A stored beam of 4.4 MeV D30" ions interacts with a beam of velocity matched electrons, thus the collision energy... 

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