Design resisting forces

The most oommon method for measuring formation resistivity and henoe determining hydrocarbon saturation is by logging with a resistivity tool such as the Laterolog. The tool is designed to force electrical current through the formation adjacent to the borehole... 

Special extrusion tools may be necessary to feed the mass to the orifice(s.) Orifice dimensions define resistive force and cross section of extrudate. Orifice design must enable flow and assist in pressure release at discharge. Cutting devices may be necessary or desirable to divide strand into pellets. Drive must be capable of sustaining mixing, conditioning and extrusion. Individual process steps may be carried out in-line in separate equipment. 

Effective area Design compressive force Design compression resistance of the cross section Buckling resistance of member Partial safety factor for material resistance... 

Its maximum value, Fo,max, is attained at a slippage s ax between O.lJd and O.lda. If the dowel doubles as a starter bar for n web bars of diameter (the cases n = 1 or 2 were discussed above), it develops a tensile stress equal to = nfiyaid Jda) in order to anchor the design yield force of these web bars into the frame member. The dowel s maximum shear resistance in Eq. (15.1) is then reduced to fib 2012) ... 

It is common for designers to neglect the passive resisting force because of the typical shallow embedment. As shown in the example, the passive force contributes a small part of the total resisting force. 

Structural calculations are required to examine (a) maximum story drift under design earthquake forces, (b) lateral stiffiiess distribution along the height, (c) eccentricity of mass and stiffness in plan, and (d) story shear-resisting capacity at the formation of a collapse mechanism. 

The skin offers rcsistanee of 3.18 MPa ([14], [21]) during microneedle penetration into human skin. Hence, to overcome this skin resistance the microneedle must withstand the load more than 3.18 MPa. Hence, to show the effeet of this resistance force on the stracture of the microneedle, FE analysis was performed. The effect of applied axial load on the free end of the microneedle is shown in Fig. 4b. The result shows that the microneedle design is enough strong to penetrate into the human skin without failure. 

Electrophoresis (qv), ie, the migration of small particles suspended in a polar Hquid in an electric field toward an electrode, is the best known effect. If a sample of the suspension is placed in a suitably designed ceU, with a d-c potential appHed across the ceU, and the particles are observed through a microscope, they can all be seen to move in one direction, toward one of the two electrodes. AH of the particles, regardless of their size, appear to move at the same velocity, as both the electrostatic force and resistance to particle motion depend on particle surface this velocity can be easily measured. 

For tank internal pressures that do not exceed the weight of the roof plates, most tanks have conical roofs because these are the simplest and most cost-effective. When the pressure is increased beyond the weight of the roof plates, the roof-to-sheU area goes into hoop compression. A small portion of the roof, the roof-to-sheU angle, and the top few centimeters of the sheU act as a compression ring to resist the unbalanced forces from internal pressure on the conical roof. The internal design pressure for this case may be... 

Power. The power requited to drive a belt conveyor is derived from the tensile forces requited to propel or restrain the belt at the design speed. These include the tensile forces produced by the frictional resistance of the drive, conveyor components, and material the acceleration of the material and the gravitational forces requited to lift or lower the material. Detailed information and methods of calculation can be found in belt conveyor design handbooks and in Reference 9. 

E = applied voltage, V V = counterelectromotive force (generated voltage), V R = armature resistance, H I = armature current, A k = constant dependent on motor design n = speed, r/min ( ) = magnetic-field flux... 

Design Temperature of Outlet Piping - The design temperature of outlet piping from PR valves discharging to the atmosphere is normally ambient. However, autorefrigeration and need for brittle-fracture-resistant materials or thermal expansion forces should be examined if the release pipe is unusually long. 

At Qatar, the liquid came out with such force that it spilled over the dike wall. Conventional dike walls also have the disadvantage that a large area of liquid is exposed to the atmosphere if a leak occurs. For these reasons it is now usual to surround cryogenic storage tanks with a concrete wall, about 1 m from the tank and the full height of the tank. If the tank is not made from crack-resistant material, then the concrete wall should be designed to withstand the effects of a sudden release of liquid. 

---