Description and Design

The main advantages of these second prototypes over the first ones are (i) improved control of critical tip dimensions due to the more 2D nature of the fabrication, (ii) smaller critical dimensions, (iii) improved cantilever planarity due to reduced stress of a thinner film of SU-8 and (iv) improved yield due to an improved fabrication process. 

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Scale-up and performance of a 1.47-m Scheibel column have been reported (98,154,155), as have detailed description and design criteria for the Scheibel column (156) and scale-up procedures (157). The same stage efficiency can be maintained on scale-up, and total throughput can be increased by three and one-half times at the expense of higher HETS. As of this writing, Scheibel columns up to 2.75 m in diameter are in service. 

The rotating-disk contactor (RDC), developed in the Netherlands (158) in 1951, uses the shearing action of a rapidly rotating disk to interdisperse the phases (Eig. 15b). These contactors have been used widely throughout the world, particularly in the petrochemical industry for furfural [98-01-1] and SO2 extraction, propane deasphalting, sulfolane [126-33-0] extraction for separation of aromatics, and caprolactam (qv) [105-60-2] purification. Columns up to 4.27 m in diameter are in service. An extensive study (159) has provided an excellent theoretical framework for scale-up. A design manual has also been compiled (160). Detailed descriptions and design criteria for the RDC may also be found (161). 

Kuhni contacters (Eig. 15e) have gained considerable commercial application. The principal features are the use of a shrouded impeller to promote radial discharge within the compartments, and a variable hole arrangement to allow flexibility of design for different process applications. Columns up to 5 m in diameter have been constmcted (176). Description and design criteria for Kuhni extraction columns have been reported (177,178). 

Vessel deluge systems are usually designed as open-head systems, which are activated when a fire is detected and/or a flammable gas mixture is detected. The deluge system is usually opened when the flammable gas concentration is a fraction of the LFL (approximately 25 %) or when a fire is detected through heat. Table 7-7 provides descriptions and design specifications for these systems. 

Where possible, the ASTM test method description and designation have been included. 

This chapter presents an overview of the methods of extraction, together with descriptions and designations, of olive oils (European Community Council regulations EC 136/66 and EC 1638/98), and explains and comments on the purpose and scope of the relevant official methods of olive oil analysis according to the European Community (EC) regulation EC 2568/91 and subsequent additions and amendments (EC Council, 1991).a... 

Every worksheet should be provided with an identification and a means to correlate it to the node and design conditions it was evaluated against. Locations for date, location, drawing reference, node identification or description, and design parameters should be noted on each worksheet. 

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION AND DESIGNATION PORE MACRO VOLUME, MICRO ml/g TOTAL MODE DIAMETER A SURFACE AREA 2, Itl /g... 

Other equations that are required for the description and design of reactors follow [Bartholomew 1994] ... 

Lipsett, R, Schaefer, C. F. and Ussery, C. (1993) VHIX Hardware Description and Design. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 

Detailed project description and design information applicable codes, standards, and regulations the PHL, PHA, SSHAs and SHA and operating and maintenance procedures (draft or final) are needed to perform an OHA. Detailed equipment envelopes and data about the size, composition, skill levels, and organization of the personnel operating and maintaining the system are also required. 

Engineering Representative Primary responsibility for providing project description and design information. Provides interface with the engineering community. 

Engineering handbooks and vendors literature contain descriptions and design details for most types of conveyor. This section gives equations for the capacity of certain types and for the amount of power that they consume. These are empirical and derived from handbook and catalog data. They should not be used in place of specific information given by equipment suppliers. They are supplied here once again to give the reader a practical feel for the systems used in chlor-alkali operation. 

Detailed design descriptions and design status information on the major systems currently under development, as provided by the different vendors and organizations in accordance with a specified format, are also provided. 

Finally, multiple-series arrangements are also extensively used in counter-current washing of solids. The reader is referred to chapter 15 for the description and design of the washing trains used for this purpose. 

VHDL Hardware Description and Design. R. Lipsett, C. Schaefer and C. Ussery. ISBN 0-7923-9030-X. 

This section should include a description of the principles of human factors engineering used for taking into account all factors shaping human performance that may have an impact on the reliability of the operators performance. The specific design features of systems and equipment that are intended to promote successful operator actions should be considered in the chapter of the SAR on the plant system description and design conformance. 

Kuendig, E. (2006b). Work exchanger DWEER product description and design. In Proceedings AMTA/SCDA Joint Technology Transfer Workshop, Corpus Christi, TX, Feb. 8-9. 

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