Deoxycytidylate

The chemical nature of the monomeric deoxynucleo-tide units of DNA—deoxyadenylate, deoxyguanylate, deoxycytidylate, and thymidylate—is described in Chapter 33. These monomeric units of DNA are held in polymeric form by 3 5 -phosphodiester bridges constituting a single strand, as depicted in Figure 35-1. 

This enzyme [EC 2.7.4.14], also called deoxycytidylate kinase, catalyzes the reaction of CMP with ATP to form CDP and ADP, as well as similar reactions with dCMP, UMP, and dUMP. 

This enzyme [EC 3.5.4.12], also called deoxycytidylate deaminase, catalyzes the hydrolysis of dCMP to produce... 

DEOXYADENOSINE KINASE DEOXYADENYLATE KINASE DEOXYCYTIDINE KINASE DEOXYCYTIDYLATE HYDROXYMETHYL-TRANSFERASE Deoxycytidylate kinase,... 

Polydeoxyinosinic-deoxycytidylic acid sodium salt Polydeoxyadenylic-thymidylic acid sodium salt Polydeoxyguanylic-deoxycytidylic acid sodium salt Polydeoxyguanylic-polydeoxycytidylic acid sodium salt Polycytidylic-polyguanylic acid sodium salt Polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid sodium salt 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine Further oxidation products of 8-oxo-G... 

Kobayashi, S. Kanayama, K. NADPH activation of deoxycytidylate kinase in rat liver extract involvement of an endogenous disulfide reductase system. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 74, 1249-1255 (1977)... 

Thymidylate is synthesized from dUMP, which may be formed by two pathways in cells. The major precursor of dUMP is dCMP, which is converted to dUMP by deoxycytidylate deaminase ... 

A second enzyme on the pathway to dTTP that is subject to allosteric control is deoxycytidylate deaminase, which supplies dUMP for thymidylate synthesis. The enzyme in mammalian cells, yeast, and bacteriophage T2-infected E. coli. is allosterically activated by dCTP (hydroxymethyl dCTP for the phage enzyme) and inhibited by dTTP. 

Deoxyribose Deoxycytidine Deoxycytidylic acid deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP) Deoxycytidine diphosphate (dCDP) Deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP)... 

Cytosine, C Cytidylic acid, CMP Deoxycytidylic acid, dCMP... 

Extracts of cells - of Escherichia coli infected with a T-even bacteriophage contain an enzyme deoxycytidylate hydroxymethylase which is not detected in uninfected cells it catalyzes the formation of 6 -(hydroxymethyl)-2-deoxyc3didylic acid from formaldehyde and 2-deoxycytidyUc acid in the presence of tetrahydrofolic acid and magnesium ions. In a large-scale experiment, 10.6 mg. of the barium salt was prepared. 

The abbreviated notations pApCpG or pACG denote a trinucleotide of DNA consisting of the building blocks deoxyadenylate monophosphate, deoxycytidylate monophosphate, and deoxyguanylate monophosphate linked by a... 

Adenine (A) Deoxyadenosine Guanine (G) Deoxyguanosine Thymine (T) Thymidine Cytosine (C) Deoxycytidine Deoxyadenylate (dAMP) Deoxyguanylate (dGMP) Thymidylate (TMP) Deoxycytidylate (dCMP)... 

DNA contains the bases adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). These bases are covalently attached to the deoxyribose phosphate to form nucleotides. The respective nucleotides are called deoxyadenylic acid (dA), deox)hhy-midylic acid (dT), deoxyguanylic acid (dG), and deoxycytidylic add (dC). The prefix "deoxy" indicates that the sugar is deoxyribose, rather than ribose. The word "acid" indicates that the ribose contains a covalently bound phosphoric acid group. 

Note that the insert and plasmid need to be specially modified to link together. "Sticky ends" must first be attached to the insert and the plasmid. The sticky ends attached to the linear insert consist of stretches of deoxycytidylic acid (CCCCCCC). The sticky ends attached to the linear plasmid consist of stretches of deoxyguanidylic acid (GGGGGGGG). The sticky ends consisting of "CCCCCCC" can hybridize with those consisting of "GGGGGGGG." The result is a closed, circular dsDNA. The sticky ends are attached to the insert and plasmid by terminal transferase. Terminal transferase catalyzes the attachment of nucleotides to one end of a linear DNA molecule. 

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