Dementia of Alzheimer type

Cucinotta D, De Leo D, Frattola L, Trabucchi M and Parnetti L (1996). Dihydroergokryptine vs. placebo in dementia of Alzheimer type Interim results of a randomized multicentre study after a 1 year follow up. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 22, 169-180. 

Neurodegenerative diseases, for example, early ageing, dementia of Alzheimer type, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Parkinson Disease. 

Frolich L, Dirr A, Gotz ME, GseU W, Reichmann H, et al. 1998. Acetylcholine in human CSF methodological considerations and levels in dementia of Alzheimer type. J Neural Transm 105 961... 

Cross AJ, Crow TJ, Johnson JA Monoamine metabolism in senile dementia of Alzheimer type. J Neurol Sci 60 383-393, 1983... 

Perry EK, Perry RH, Blessed G, et al Changes in brain cholinesterases in senile dementia of Alzheimer type. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 4 273-277,1978a... 

Borroni B, Colciaghi F, Caltagirone C, et al. Platelet amyloid precursor protein abnormalities in mild cognitive impairment predict conversion to dementia of Alzheimer type A 2-year follow-up study. Arch Neurol 2003 60(12) 1740-1744. 

Adolfsson R, Gottfries CG, Roos BE, Winblad B (1979) Changes in the brain catecholamines in patients with dementia of Alzheimer type. Br. J. Psychiatry 135 216-223. 

Adolfsson, R., Gottfries, C.G., Oreland, L., Wiberg, A. and Winblad, B. (1980) Increased activity of brain and platelet monoamine oxidase activity in dementia of Alzheimer type. Life Sci. 27 1029-1034. 

Frlich, 1. and Riederer, P. (1995). Free radical mechanisms in dementia of Alzheimer type and the potential for antioxidative treatment. Drug Res. 45,443—449. 

Mishima K, Tozawa T, Satoh K, MatsumotoY, HishikawaY, Okawa M (1999) Melatonin secretion rhythm disorders in patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer s type with disturbed sleep-waking. Biol Psychiatry 45 417-421... 

Iversen LL, Rossor MN, Reynolds GP, Hills R, Roth M, Mountjoy CQ, Foote SL, Morrison JH, Bloom FE (1983) Loss of pigmented dopamine-beta-hydroxylase positive cells from locus coeruleus in senile dementia of Alzheimer s type. Neurosci. Lett. 39 95-100. 

Wilcock GK, Esiri MM, Bowen DM, Hughes AO (1988) The differential involvement of subcortical nuclei in senile dementia of Alzheimer s type. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 51 842-849. 

Soderberg M., Edlund C., Alafuzoff 1. et al. Lipid composition in different regions of the brain in Alzheimer s disease/senile dementia of Alzheimer s type. J. Neurochem. 1992,5 1646-1653. 

Campi N, Todeschini GP, Scarzella L (1990) Selegiline versus L-acetylcarnitine in the treatment of Alzheimer-type dementia. Clin Ther 12 306-314... 

Ejaz Ahmed M, Khan MM, Javed H, Vaibhav K, Khan A, Tabassum R et al (2013) Amelioration of cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration by catechin hydrate in rat model of streptozotocin-induced experimental dementia of Alzheimer s type. Neurochem Int 62 492-501... 

Iwamoto, N., Kobayashi, K. and Kosaka, K. (1989) The formation of prostaglandins in the post-mortem cerebral cortex of Alzheimer-type dementia patients. J. Neurol. 236 80-84. 

By 1989, about 2000 individuals in the Minamata area have been officially certified to have Minamata Disease and eligible for financial compensation. Histopathologi-cal changes in brain were clearly linked to organomercury insult in Minamata Disease victims and the distribution of lesions in the nervous system was characteristic, especially in the cerebral cortices and the cerebellum. Pathological studies of 112 Minamata Disease victims also showed elevated frequencies of sepsis and malignant neoplasms of the thyroid gland when compared to 112 sex-age matched pair control deaths between 1970 and 1983 from various causes (senile dementia of Alzheimer s type, Parkinson s disease of idiopathic type, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) in western parts of Japan. 

Meador, K., Loring, D., Nichols, M., Zamrini, E., Rivner, M., Posas, H., Thompson, E., and Moore, E., 1993. Preliminary findings of high-dose thiamine in dementia of Alzheimer s type. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology. 6 222-229. 

McCaddon, A., Davies, G., Hudson, P., Tandy, S., and Cattell, H., 1998. Total serum homocysteine in senile dementia of Alzheimer s type. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 13 235-239. 

The recommended initial dose of memantine hydrochloride for the treatment of moderate to severe dementia of Alzheimer s type is 5 mg orally once daily. The dose should be increased in 5 mg increments to 10 mg/day (given as 5 mg twice daily), 15 mg/day (given twice daily in separate doses of 5 mg and 10 mg), and 20 mg/day (given as 10 mgtwice daily). The minimum recommended interval between dose increases is 1 week. The recommended maintenance dose is 10 mg twice daily (20 mg/day). There is not an established dose for the treatment of chronic pain states, but case reports and medication trials have started at 5-10 mg BID and increases at 1 week intervals to 30 mg/day have been examined [3-5]. 

Soderberg M, Edlund C, Alafuzoff I, Kristensson K, Dallner G. lipid composition in different regions of the brain in Alzheimer s disease/senile dementia of Alzheimer s type. J Neurochem. 1992 59(5) 1646-1653. Svennerholm L, Gottfries CG. Membrane Upids, selectively diminished in Alzheimer brains, suggest synapse loss as a primary event in early-onset form (t)fpe I) and demyelinationin late-onset form (t)fpe II). / Neurochem. 

Other nootropic agents in some stage of clinical development include nebracetam (9), nefinacetam (10), and BMY 21502 (11). Nebracetam, an aminomethyl pyrrolidinone derivative, is expected to be approved in Japan in 1994 (73). In clinical studies involving patients having cerebrovascular or senile dementia of the Alzheimer s type, clinical symptoms such as spontaneous or emotional expression were enhanced in up to 71% of cases. Long-term treatment using nebracetam in patients with cerebral infarction also afforded marked improvement in most cases with few side effects (74). A review of this compound has beenpubUshed (75). 

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