Mild cognitive impairment

The clinical syndrome, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to severe dementia, reflects cellular abnormalities in specific regions of the brain/circuits. The... 

Morris, J. C. and Price, J. L. Pathologic correlates of nonde-mented aging, mild cognitive impairment, and early-stage Alzheimer s disease. J. Mol. Neurosci. 17 101-118,2001. 

Petersen, R. C. Mild cognitive impairment clinical trials. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 2 646-653,2003. 

Petersen, R. C., Doody, R., Kurz, A et al. Current concepts in mild cognitive impairment. Arch. Neurol. 58 1985-1992, 2001. 

Morris, J. C., Storandt, M., Miller, I. P. et al. Mild cognitive impairment represents early-stage Alzheimer disease. Arch. Neurol. 58 397-405, 2001. 

MCI mild cognitive impairment NPC Niemann-Pick disease type C... 

The WHI study found that postmenopausal women 65 years or older taking estrogen plus progestogen therapy had twice the rate of dementia, including Alzheimer s disease. Combined therapy also did not prevent mild cognitive impairment. 

Shumaker SA, Legault C, Kuller L, Rapp SR, Thai L, Lane DS, et al. (2004) Conjugated equibe estrogens and incidence of probable dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women. Women s Health Initiative Memory Study. J Am Med Assoc 291 2947-2958... 

Schroder J, Kratz B, Pantel J, Minnemann E, Lehr U, Sauer H. (1998). Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in an elderly community sample. J Neural Transm. (SuppI) 54 51-59. 

Schneider L, Loy C. (2006) Galantamine for Alzheimer s disease and mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1 Art. No. CD001747. 

Petersen RC, Thomas RG Grundman M, Bennett D, Doody R, Ferris S, Galasko D, Jin S, Kaye J, Levey A, Pfeiffer E, Sano M, van Dyck CH, Thai LJ. (2005) Vitamin E and donepezil for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment. N Engl J Med 352 2379-2388. 

Other symptoms include relative coarsening of facial features and mild cognitive impairment. 

Galantamine is used for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer s disease. However in 2005 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration sent out a warning indicating that the product should not be used in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) because of increased mortality observed in trials for MCI with galantamine. Galantamine is a competitive and reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. 

R.C. Petersen, G.E. Smith, S.C. Waring, R.J. Ivnik, E.G. Tangalos, E. Kokmen, Mild cognitive impairment Clinical characterization and outcome. Arch. Neurol. 56 (1999) 303-308. 

S. Minoshima, M. Schwaiger, A. Kurz, Cerebral metabolic changes accompanying conversion of mild cognitive impairment into Alzheimer s disease A PET follow-up study, Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 30 (2003) 1104-1113. 

J.O. Rinne, V. Kaasinen, T. Jarvenpaa, K. Nagren, A. Roivainen, M. Yu, V. Oikonen, T. Kurki, Brain acetylcholinesterase activity in mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer s disease, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 74 (2003) 113-115. 

K. Herholz, S. Weisenbach, E. Kalbe, N.J. Diederich, W.-D. Heiss, Cerebral acetylcholine esterase activity in mild cognitive impairment, Neuroreport 16 (2005) 1431-1434. 

Petersen, R.C., Stevens, J.C., Ganguli, M., et al. Practice parameter early detection of dementia mild cognitive impairment (an evidence-based review). Neurology 56, 1133-1142, 2001b. 

There is a clinical impression that psychostimulants may be helpful in HIV- or AIDS-related affective syndromes (487, 488). Thus, methylphenidate 10 to 20 mg per day (up to 40 mg per day) or dextroamphetamine 5 to 15 mg per day (up to 60 mg per day) has been helpful in patients with mild depression who also show symptoms of social withdrawal, fatigue, and apathy, as well as mild cognitive impairment. At times, the combination of low-dose antidepressant and psychostimulant may be more effective and less likely to induce adverse CNS effects. 

Butterfield DA, Sultana R. 2007. Redox proteomics identification of oxidatively modified brain proteins in Alzheimer s disease and mild cognitive impairment Insights into the progression of this dementing disorder. J Alzheimers Dis 12 61-72. 

Lovell MA, Markesbery WR. 2007. Oxidative DNA damage in mild cognitive impairment and late-stage Alzheimer s disease. Nucleic Acids Res 35 7497-7504. 

Markesbery WR, Kryscio RJ, Lovell MA, Morrow JD. 2005. Lipid peroxidation is an early event in the brain in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Ann Neurol 58 730-735. 

Pratico D, Clark CM, Liun F, Rokach J, Lee VY, Trojanowski JQ. 2002. Increase of brain oxidative stress in mild cognitive impairment A possible predictor of Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 59 972-976. 

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