Defective-interfering particles

Scaling up a baculovirus-insect cell process involves a large increase in volumetric scale and requires multiple passages of the virus for completion (Rhodes, 1996). A major difficulty of in vitro production of baculoviruses is the development of virus instability or the so-called passage effect. The passage effect can result from a variety of mutations, where a decrease of polyhedra production and virulence are the main characteristics. These mutations can have a significant effect on commercial production in vitro. The most common mutations are defective interfering particles (DIPs) and few polyhedra (FP) mutants. 

Table 19.1. Defective interfering particles (DIPs) for many baculovirus submitted to successive passages in insect cell cultures...

Chao YC, Hamblin M, Wood HA (1990), Physical map of Hz-1 baculovirus genome from standard and defective interfering particles, J. Gen. Virol. 71 1265-1270. 

Wickham TJ, Davis T, Granados RR, FFammer DA, Shuler ML, Wood FFA (1991), Baculovirus defective interfering particles are responsible for variations in recombinant protein production as a function of multiplicity of infection, Biotechnol. Lett. 13 483-488. 

AcMNPV AfMNPV BmMNPV BV DIP DNA Autographa californica NPV Anagrapha falcifera nucleopoliedrovirus Bombyx mori NPV budded virus Defectives Interfering Particles mutants Deoxyribonucleic acid... 

Defective interfering particles of poliovirus. I. Isolation and physical properties. J. Virol. (1971). i. 478-485 ... 

COLE, C.N. and BALTIMORE, D. Defective interfering particles of poliovirus. IV. Mechanisms of enrichment, J. Virol. 0975)>... 

Baxt, B., and Bablanian, R., 1976, Mechanism of vesicular stomatitis virus-induced cytopathic effects. II. Inhibition of macromolecular synthesis induced by infectious and defective-interfering particles, Virology 72 383. 

Marcus, P. I., and Sekellick, M. J., 1974, Cell killing by viruses. I. Comparison of cell-killing, plaque-forming and defective-interfering particles of vesicular stomatitis virus. Virology 57 321. 

Week and Wagner (1979a) analyzed RNA metabolism in MPC-11 cells infected with various temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants and 5 -defective-interfering particles which cannot synthesize mRNA. A group I mutant, /sG114, restricted in transcriptional activities (Hunt et al., 1976), failed to shut-off host cell RNA metabolism in MPC-11 cells incubated at the restrictive temperature of 39°C for 4 hr. At the permissive temperature (3rC), all mutants (including /5G114) were as effective as the wild-type virus in the shut-off of RNA synthesis. Because tjG 114(1) did not inhibit cell RNA metabolism at the non-permissive temperature, it was used to test for a virion structural... 

Colonno, R. J., Lazzarini, R. A., Keene, J. D., and Baneijee, A. K., 1977, In vitro synthesis of messenger RNA by a defective-interfering particle of vesicular stomatitis virus, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74 1888. 

Dubovi, E. J., and Youngner, J. S., 1976Z , Inhibition of pseudorabies virus replication by vesicular stomatitis virus. II. Activity of defective interfering particles, J. V/ro/. 18 534. 

Epstein, D. A., Herman, R. C., Chien, I., and Lazzarini, R. A., 1980, Defective interfering particles generated by internal deletions of the vesicular stomatitis virus genome, J. Virol. 33 818. 

Huang, A. S., and Manders, E., 1972, Ribonucleic acid synthesis of vesicular stomatitis virus. IV. Transcription by standard virus in the presence of defective-interfering particles, J. Virol. 9 909. 

Wertz, G. W., 1983, Replication of vesicular stomatitis virus defective interfering particle RNA in vitro Transition from synthesis of defective interfering leader RNA to synthesis of full-length defective-interfering RNA, J. Virol. 46 513. 

Brinton, M. A., 1983, Analysis of extracellular West Nile virus particles produced by cell cultures from genetically resistant and susceptible mice indicates enhanced amplification of defective interfering particles by resistant cultures, J. Virol. 46 860. 

Jacobson, S., and Pfau, C. J., 1980, Viral pathogenesis and resistance to defective interfering particles, Nature London) 283 311. 

Logan, K. B., 1979, Generation of defective interfering particles of Semliki Forest virus in a clone of Aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells, J. Virol. 30 38. 

Weiss, B., and Schlesinger, S., 1981, Defective interfering particles do not interfere with the homologous virus obtained from persistently infected BHK cells but do interfere with Semliki Forest virus, J. Virol. 37 840. 

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