Vents, deep-sea hydrothermal

Van Dover, C.L., 2000, The Ecology of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents. Princeton University Press. 

Table 19.3 Known and Proposed Microbial Metabolic Pathways at Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents and Cold Seeps. 

An especially intriguing pair of products obtained from marine organisms in recent years are Vent and Deep Vent DNA polymerase. These products are used in DNA research studies. Their special feature is that they are at least 10 times as efficient as other similar products in polymerase chain reactions because they can tolerate temperatures just below the boiling point of water, a characteristic that comparable research tools lack. Vent and Deep Vent DNA polymerases are obtained from the bacterium Thermococcus litoralis, which is found around deep-sea hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the ocean. 

Johnson, K.S., C.L. Beehler, C.M. Sakamoto-Arnold, and J.J. Childress. 1986a. In situ measurements of chemical distributions in a deep-sea hydrothermal vent field. Science 231 1139-1141. 

Johnson, K.S. In situ Measurements of Chemical Distributions in A Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Held," Science, 231, 1139-1141 (1986). 

G. Dubreucq, B. Domon, and B. Fournet, Structure determination of a novel uronic acid residue isolated from the polysaccharide produced by a bacterium originated from deep sea hydrothermal vents, CarbohydrRes., 290 (1996) 175-181. 

Grassle, J.F. (1986). The ecology of deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities. Advances in Marine Biology 23,301-362. 

Prieur, D. (1997) Microbiology of deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Trends Biotechnol.,... 

There are some archaea associated with deep-sea hydrothermal vents that can survive at pressures as high as 890 bars (89 MPa Pledger et al. 1994). The... 

Baross, J.A., and Deming, J.W. 1998. Growth at high temperatures Isolation and taxonomy, physiology, and ecology. Pp. 169-217 in The Microbiology of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents (D.M. Karl, ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla. 

Kaye, J.Z., and Baross, J.A. 2004. Synchronous effects of temperature, pressure and salinity on growth, phospholipid profiles, and protein patterns of four Halomonas species isolated from deep-sea hydrothermal-vent and sea surface environments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70 6220-6229. 

Jolivet, E., Corre, E., L Haridon, S., Forterre, P., and Prieur, D. 2004. Thermococcus marinus sp. nov. and Thermococcus radiotolerans sp. nov., two hyperthermophilic archaea from deep-sea hydrothermal vents that resist ionizing radiation. Extremophiles 8 219-227. 

Resting Membrane Potential A variety of unusual invertebrates, including giant clams, mussels, and polychaete worms, live on the fringes of deep-sea hydrothermal vents, where the temperature... 

The chemoautotrophic fixation of C02 connected with this activity, only minimally contributes to the carbon cycling in most ecosystems. Notable exceptions to this include the deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystems, where the whole vent community is supported by the chemoautotrophic oxidation of reduced sulfur, primarily by Beggiatoa, Thiomi-cropira, and other sulfur oxidizers. In environments other than these, the generation of reduced minerals used in chemolithotrophic production is directly tied to the oxidation of photosynthetically produced organic matter. Therefore, sustainable primary production without solar energy input is unthinkable even in the case of chemolithotrophs. 

Bann JG, Bachinger HP, Peyton DH. Role of carbohydrate in stabilizing the triple-helix in a model for a deep-sea hydrothermal vent worm collagen. Biochemistry 2003 42 4042-4048. 

Gain F. Aspects of life development at deep sea hydrothermal vents. FASEB J. 1993 7 558-565. 

Nelson DC, Fisher CR. Chemoautotrophic and methanotrophic endosymbiotic bacteria at deep-sea vents and seeps. In Microbiology of Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vents. Karl DM, ed. 1995. CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL. pp. 125-167. 

Another methanogen, Methanococcus jannaschii, isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent at temperatures of 85 C or higher, has membrane lipids based on cyc-archaeol (1C), which was not found in any other species of methanogens surveyed and may be unique to methanogens from deep-sea hydrothermal vents [34,67]. It is possible that the presence of cyc-archaeol-based lipids may be related to the high pressures under which these deep-sea methanogens live. 

Mullineaux L. S., and France S. C. (1995) Disposal mechanisms of deep-sea hydrothermal vent fauna. Geophys. Monogr. (AGU) 91, 408-424. 

Winn C. D., Cowen J. P., and Karl D. M. (1995) Microbiology of hydrothermal plumes. In Microbiology of Deep-sea Hydrothermal Vent Habitats (ed. D. M. Karl), CRC, Boca Raton. 

Jprgensen B. B., Isaksen M. F., and Jannasch H. W. (1992) Bacterial sulfate reduction above 100-degrees-C in deep-sea hydrothermal vent sediments. Science 258, 1756-1757. 

L Haridon S., Cilia V., Messner P., Raguenes G., Gambacorta A., Sleytr U. B., Prieur D., and Jeanthon C. (1998) Desulfurobacterium thermolithotrophum gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel autotrophic, sulphur-reducing bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. Int. J. Systemat. Bacterial. 48, 701-711. 

Slobodkin A., Campbell B., Cary S. C., Bonch-Osmolovskaya E., and Jeanthon C. (2001) Evidence for the presence of thermophilic Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms in deep-sea hydrothermal vents at 13°N (East Pacific Rise). FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 36, 235-243. 

Takai K. and Horikoshi K. (1999) Genetic diversity of archaea in deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments. Genetics 152, 1285-1297. 

Jannasch H. W. (1989) Sulphur emission and transformations at deep sea hydrothermal vents. In Evolution of the Global Biogeochemical Sulphur Cycle (eds. P. Brimblecombe and A. Y. Lein). Wiley, Chichester, vol. 39, pp. 181-190. 

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