Decontamination animals

During normal operations of conducting nonclinical studies using mice, rats, monkeys, etc. a tremendous amount of contaminated experimental materials is accumulated. In decontaminating animal cages large volumes of water are used and the resultant waste water contains trace levels of all test... 

Formic acid can also be used as an antisalmoneUa additive in animal feeds, for decontamination of feed raw materials, and prevention of flock infection in the poultry industry by treatment of the finished feed. 

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and pulsed electric fields (PEFs) are rather novel technologies where relatively little research has been carried out. These methods have mostly been tested in combination with other decontamination methods and also mostly on either microorganisms in vitro or on foods of animal origin (e.g. milk, eggs and meat) (Raso and Barbosa-Canovas, 2003 Ross et al., 2003). More research is needed in order to find out if such methods are applicable to the fresh produce industry. 

The route of antibiotic administration might be crucial. Animal studies [193, 194] have shown that enteral administration (either by oral or rectal route) of antimicrobials reduces the rate of bacterial translocation and early mortality in rats or mice with experimentally induced pancreatitis. Indeed, in patients with ANP, selective bowel decontamination with oral and rectal antibiotics decreased the infection rate [195]. 

Runyon BA, Borzio M, Young S, Squier SU, Guarner C, Runyon MA Effect of selective intestinal decontamination with norfloxacin on spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, translocation, and survival in an animal model of cirrhosis. Hepatology 1995,21 1719-1724. 

Animals can be decontaminated with shampoo/soap and water, or a 0.5% household bleach solution (see Section 1.5). If the animals eyes have been exposed to agent, they should be irrigated with water or saline solution for a minimum of 30 minutes. 

Animals can be decontaminated with shampoo/soap and water or an aqueous solution of mild oxidants (see Section 15.5.3). 

Unless the animals are at the scene of an attack, then decontamination is not necessary. 

Apply universal decontamination procedures using antimicrobial soap and water. If antimicrobial soap is not available, use any available soap, shampoo, or detergent. In some cases, severe infection may require euthanasia of animals or herds. Consult local/state veterinary assistance office. If the pathogen has not been identified, then wear a fitted N95 protective mask, eye protection, disposable protective coverall, disposable boot covers, and disposable gloves when dealing with infected animals. 

STANDARD METHOD OF DECONTAMINATION (DETOXIFICATION) If it was not necessary to determine the influence of time between contamination and decontamination on the decontamination efficiency (significantly decreasing in time), the decontamination was provided uniformly 2 min after the animal had been intoxicated. The whole prior sheared area (i.e. 15 sq.cm) was treated ... 

TCDD is perhaps the most potent toxin known to humans. Animal studies have shown TCDD to be fatal in doses as small as 10-9 times the body weight. Because TCDD is also insoluble in water, decontamination is difficult. Nonlethal doses of TCDD result in chloracne, an acne-like disease that can persist for several years. 

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