Decomposition products ethylene

In the present macro-scale experiments the filaments have been formed following reaction of ethane with iron and iron oxides. The decomposition of ethane to elemental carbon and hydrogen is endothermic (27) and so, at first sight, it appears that the experimental results are in conflict with the above mechanism of filament growth. However, earlier work (28) has shown that the majority of carbon formed from ethane arises from the decomposition product ethylene. The latter decomposes exothermically (27) (- A H for C2H4 at 725°C is 9.2 kcal. mole- ) so that this mechanism is not contravened. A similar rationale was used by Keep, Baker and France (29) to account for the formation of carbon filaments during the nickel catalyzed decomposition of propane. 

Degradatiou. Heating of succinic acid or anhydride yields y-ketopimehc ddactone, cyclohexane-1,4-dione, and a mixture of decomposition products that include acetic acid, propionic acid, acryUc acid, acetaldeide, acrolein, oxaUc acid, cyclopentanone, and furane. In argon atmosphere, thermal degradation of succinic anhydride takes place at 340°C (123). Electrolysis of succinic acid produces ethylene and acetylene. 

EDTA begins to decompose at only 400 psig (441 °F, 27.5 bar, 227 °C). However, the initial decomposition products are weaker chelants, hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid (HEIDA) and iminodiacetic acid (IDA), so chelation still takes place. (Hydrolysis of HEIDA then continues at a much slower rate to produce more IDA and ethylene glycol.) Despite this reversion problem, EDTA is effective and, in practice, is employed at up to 1,200 psig (82.7 bar) and up to 1,500 psig (103.4 bar) when employed as an overlay product. 

On the contrary, on oxygen-modified metal surfaces where secondary reactions between the adsorbed oxygen and ethylene decomposition products can easily occur, the effect of oxygen on the adsorptive capacity of the... 

Allicin 1. 3-Acetyl-6- methoxybenz- aldehyde 1. Ethylene 1. Decomposition products of amygdalin... 

Scheme 15.20 Two-stage hydrogenation of esters giving ethylene glycol (EG), without decomposition products. MG = methyl glycolate.

CASRN 12427-38-2 molecular formula C4ff6MnN2S4 FW 265.31 Chemical/Physical. When soil containing maneb was subjected to a stream of moist air, carbon disulfide was formed. Carbon disulfide was also formed when maneb was suspended in a O.IM phosphate buffer at pff 7.0 and air was drawn through the system. The rate of carbon disulfide was higher at neutral and acidic solutions but lower under alkaline conditions. When the air was replaced by nitrogen, no carbon disulfide was evolved. Decomposition products in the reaction vessel identified by TLC were ethylene thiourea, ethylene thiuram monosulfide, elemental sulfur, and trace amounts of ethylenediamine (ffylin, 1973). 

Peroxides can be obtained from ozonides in various ways. Dioxirane (246), the simplest cyclic peroxide, appears in the microwave spectrum of ethylene-ozone mixtures, in the — 115 to — 110 °C temperature range, probably as a decomposition product of the primary... 

The gaseous products formed on thermal decomposition of ethylene-platinous chloride are ethylene, hydrogen chloride, vinyl chloride, ethyl chloride, ethylene dichloride and ethylidine dichloride. The half life for the decomposition at 130° is 4.5 days, at 172° it is 1.7 hours 98). The hydrolysis of Zeisc s salt K[PtCl3(C2H4)] by water and dilute acids has been studied ... 

For good detergency the length of the ethenoxy chain should carefully balance the hydrophobic part of the molecule. In the above example, from eight to ten such groups appear to be optimum. The ethylene oxide for these products comes from petroleum ethylene, either by direct oxidation or decomposition of ethylene chlorohydrin (17). 

To isolate acidic products which were not found by gas chromatographic analysis, the crude products were treated by ordinary methods, but only small amounts of viscous brownish red liquid products were obtained, and no adipic acid was isolated. Isolation of cyclohexene oxide was unsuccessful, however gas chromatographic analysis based on the two columns showed clearly the presence of cyclohexene oxide. Gaseous products included ethylene, 1,3-butadiene, carbon dioxide, and an unidentified C4 hydrocarbon in the ratio of 12 6 3 1. Trace amounts of other gaseous hydrocarbons were also detected, and any gaseous peroxy compound was not detected. These hydrocarbons were considered to be decomposition products of activated cyclohexene. 

The major hazard that can occur in the high-pressure polyethylene process is a runaway of the reactor and decomposition of ethylene as well as fires, explosion, and disintegration of high-pressure parts. Although the last incidents are well understood, the reasons for runaway and ethylene decomposition have been evaluated only recently. Experience over twenty years has shown that decomposition mostly takes place in the reactor and in the high-pressure separator, but decompositions have also been reported from ethylene-feed and product lines. 

When ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers are manufactured, the decomposition products also contain carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. When decomposition takes place in a tubular reactor or in a multi-chamber or cascade of autoclaves, up to 50% of the decomposition gases can consist of undecomposed ethylene. 

Decomposition should be averted for both safety and environmental reasons. In case of decomposition, multiple levels of protection are applied in appropriate sequences of procedural controls, instrument controls, interlocks, and relief devices to minimize damage to the plant and impairment of environment. Because the discharge of ethylene and its decomposition products into the air involves considerable risk, precautions for safe venting must also be considered. 

Acrylic acid [79-10-7] - [AIR POLLUTION] (Vol 1) - [ALDEHYDES] (Vol 1) - [ALLYL ALCOHOL AND MONOALLYL DERIVATIVES] (Vol 2) - [MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, MALEIC ACID AND FUMARIC ACID] (Vol 15) - [POLYESTERS, UNSATURATED] (Vol 19) - [FLOCCULATING AGENTS] (Vol 11) - [CARBOXYLICACIDS - SURVEY] (Vol 5) -from acetylene [ACETYLENE-DERIVED CHEMICALS] (Vol 1) -from acrolein [ACROLEIN AND DERIVATIVES] (Vol 1) -acrylic esters from [ACRYLIC ESTER P OLYMERS - SURVEY] (Vol 1) -from carbon monoxide [CARBON MONOXIDE] (Vol 5) -C-21 dicarboxylic acids from piCARBOXYLIC ACIDS] (Vol 8) -decomposition product [MAT. ETC ANHYDRIDE, MALEIC ACID AND FUMARIC ACID] (Vol 15) -economic data [CARBOXYLIC ACIDS - ECONOMIC ASPECTS] (Vol 5) -ethylene copolymers [IONOMERS] (Vol 14) -in floor polishes [POLISHES] (Vol 19) -in manufacture of ion-exchange resins [ION EXCHANGE] (V ol 14) -in methacrylate copolymers [METHACRYLIC POLYMERS] (Vol 16) -in papermaking [PAPERMAKING ADDITIVES] (Vol 18)... 

Compound 1 exhibits significantly different reactivity than the acyclic analogue. The metallacycle is more stable than the acyclic complex and whereas Cp2Ti"Bu2 decomposes via the expected (3-1I elimination pathway to produce butenes and butane, the thermal decomposition products of 1 are ethylene and 1-butene. In addition, the metallacycle is observed to be significantly more reactive towards CO than Cp2Ti"Bu2 Reaction of 1 with carbon monoxide at —55 °C yields the titanium acyl species, based on infrared data, which then rapidly converts to cyclopentanone at 0 °C (Scheme l).13... 

The reaction chemistry of simple organic molecules in supercritical (SC) water can be described by heterolytic (ionic) mechanisms when the ion product 1 of the SC water exceeds 10" and by homolytic (free radical) mechanisms when <<10 1 . For example, in SC water with Kw>10-11 ethanol undergoes rapid dehydration to ethylene in the presence of dilute Arrhenius acids, such as 0.01M sulfuric acid and 1.0M acetic acid. Similarly, 1,3 dioxolane undergoes very rapid and selective hydration in SC water, producing ethylene glycol and formaldehyde without catalysts. In SC methanol the decomposition of 1,3 dioxolane yields 2 methoxyethanol, il lustrating the role of the solvent medium in the heterolytic reaction mechanism. Under conditions where K klO"11 the dehydration of ethanol to ethylene is not catalyzed by Arrhenius acids. Instead, the decomposition products include a variety of hydrocarbons and carbon oxides. 

Recently, a process involving chemical recycling of PTFE using fluidized bed has been developed and patented.3 5 The optimum temperature is in the range of 545 to 600°C (1013 to 1112°F) and the main decomposition products are tetrafluoro-ethylene (TEE), hexafluoropropene (HFP), and cyclo-perfluorobutane (c-C4F8). The most important advantages of this process are that the monomers produced can be purified before repolymerization, which allows production of a more valuable product, and that the process is continuous.1... 

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