Database alphanumeric

The user is often more interested in the contents than in the technical organization of databases. The wide variety of data allows the classification of databases in chemistry into literature, factual (alphanumeric), and structural types (Figure 5-10) [12, 13). 

Factual databases mainly contain alphanumeric data on chemical compounds. In contrast to bibliographic databases, factual databases directly describe the objects primary data on chemical compounds) and provide the required information on them. Factual databases can be divided into numeric databases, metadatabases, research project databases, and catalogs of chemical compounds. 

This Accelrys provided database is based on the journals of the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) (308). It primarily contains information on the metabolic fate of chemicals (including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, food additives, and environmental and industrial chemicals) in vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants. New entries can be added, and the database may be searched graphically. This database can be combined with various computational tools from Accelrys for target-specific analysis and modeling. Metabolic pathways are organized alphanumerically, and future releases are scheduled to include a comprehensive survey of the metabolism literature (308,309). 

After receipt in the laboratory, samples with alphanumeric identifiers, which correspond to patient information in the accessioning database, are serially subjected to analytic tests. In both a clinical and research laboratory, each of these is run according to a written protocol, with appropriate controls (in parallel with and without the mutation or polymorphism, often amplifying a control tube without DNA), and then through an electrophoretic, fluorescent, luminescent, radiologic. 

In addition to the published literature, a chemical shift database is being developed by Advanced Chemistry Development (AC D/Labs) that can be used interactively by an investigator both to predict chemical shifts for a molecule being investigated and to search the database by a multitude of parameters, including structure, substructure, and alphanumeric text values. This database is accessible in the NNMR software package offered by ACD/Labs and presently contains data on more than 8800 compounds with over 20 700 chemical shifts. Examples of the use of the NNMR database will be presented later in this chapter. 

The UID provides the ability to save a definition to a database or to a local file system in XML format. The basic key field types that have to be handled are numeric, alphanumeric, currency, date and time, dropdown lists, and checkbox fields. Each field type includes labels appearing as an edit box label, descriptions used as hint texts for the user, as well as a unique identifier for referencing the field. 

Factual (alphanumeric) Databases They provide the required textual or alphanumeric information such as physical properties, spectral data, description of research projects, legal information, etc. They also provide the literature references to the origin of the data represented so that the user need not go back to the primary htera-ture as with bibliographic databases. Some such databases are hsted below ... 

Structured alphanumeric data. These data types consist of mixed letters and numbers in a highly structured format of records and fields. Database programs accept these data types, including the specialised database programs used for specific purposes such as accident and incident recording. 

Wiswesser line notation (WLN) An early method for encoding chemical structures in alphanumeric characters representing atoms and groups of atoms. The method was widely used prior to computerization of compound databases. 

The data acquisition software is utilized to coordinate signal converters and MUXs discussed in Section A.2. Process data are preprocessed before being transferred to databases for storage and retrieval. Alarm condition screening is performed on process data on a periodic basis. A number of data fields and parameters are required for data acquisition and utilization in process control. A tag name is an alphanumeric string that uniquely identifies a process I/O point. Most commercial systems use some numeric sequences to associate database points to signal converters and MUXs. Process system... 

To summarize this item, a (sub)structure-graphical aspect is an essential background to any database dealing with chemical substances. A structure query is returned to the user as a unique descriptor which may then be linked to further alphanumeric data of any particular form. The remainder of this article... 

Structure database databases containing chemical structures which are searchable. Specific commands allow alphanumeric or graphic descriptions of the structure diagrams. 

There was a consensus that there is a need for a unique identifier a simple alphanumeric code based on the transformation event (rather than other options such as a new variety), with a single digit for verification. The unique identifier should be a key to unlocking more detailed information in the product database and interoperable systems (for example, the Biosafety Clearing-House). As such, it should be kept short, simple and user friendly. It should also be built in a flexible way and might potentially serve as a core unique identifier for future developments. It should also take into account experience with, and be applicable to, existing products. 

The unique identifier should include the applicant information of 2 or 3 alphanumeric digits (for example, the first 2 or 3 digits of the applicant organisation name), followed by a dash. Any new applicant that is not identified within the database shall not be permitted to use the existing codes listed in the applicant s code table within the database. The applicant shall inform the national authorities who will update the BioTrack Product Database, by including a new code that will be designed to identify the new applicant in the code table. 

The unique identifier should include one verification digit, which shall be separated from the rest of the unique identifier digits by a dash. The verification digit is intended to reduce errors by ensuring the integrity of the alphanumeric code, entered by the users of the database. 

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