Data assessment strategy

Rourick, R. A., Jenkins, K. M., Walsh, J., Xu, R., Cai, Z. and Kassel, D. B., Integration of Custom LC/MS Automated Data Processing Strategies for the Rapid Assessment of Metabolic Stability and Metabolic Identification in Drug Discovery, American Society for Mass Spectrometry 2002 Conference Abstract, Orlando, FL, USA, 2002. 

It is obvious that such an assessment is formidable, technically difficult, and extremely expensive. Since an environmental source assessment study is required to characterize the total pollution potential of all waste streams, the sampling program must be more extensive than those conducted for the acquisition of process or control engineering data. Assessment sampling is more complete in that all waste streams are sampled and no attempt is made to limit sampling to a preselected number of process streams. The sampling is also more comprehensive in that all substances of potential environmental concern must be detectable above some minimum level of concern. These requiements of completeness and comprehensiveness call for a strategy of approach in which the philosophy and structure ensure maximum utilization of available resources. 

While some prospective data collection is required for almost all pharmacoeconomic studies, the amount of data to be collected for the pharmacoeconomic evaluation is still the subject of much debate. There is no definitive means of addressing this issue at present. Phase II studies can be used to develop data that will help determine which resource consumption items are essential for the economic evaluation. Without this opportunity for prior data collection, however, we must rely upon expert opinion to suggest major resource consumption items that should be monitored within the study. Duplicate data collection strategies (prospective evaluation of resource consumption within the study s case report form with retrospective assessment of resource consumption from hospital bills) can be used to ensure that data collection strategies do not miss critical data elements. 

For technical reasons having to do with data collection strategies, crystal properties, and other processes essential to crystallography itself, the asymmetric unit is often mentioned prominently in papers about new crystallographic models. This discussion is part of a full description of the crystallographic methods for assessment of the work by other crystallographers. It is easy to get the impression that the asymmetric unit is the functional unit, but frequently it is not. Beyond the technical methods sections of a paper, in their interpretations and discussions of the meaning of the model, authors are careful to describe the functional form of the substance under study (if it is known), and this is the form that holds the most interest for users. 

In the pharamaceutical industry, NMR spectroscopy has demonstrated itself to be a powerful, highly versatile tool that has impact throughout the drug discovery process. NMR is frequently used as an assay to screen compound collections, to facilitate the assessment of hits, and to provide detailed structural and dynamical characterization of protein-ligand complexes. Because NMR can provide information in discrete units, the spectroscopist can fine tune data collection strategies. 

Damiano J. 1995. Quantitative exposure assessment strategies and data in the Aluminum Company of America. Appl Occup Environ Hyg 10 289-298. 

In characterizing the database, a number of assumptions are applied when data are not available or are incomplete (USEPA, 1991 IPCS, 2005 Kimmel et al., 2006). These include uncertainties about toxicokinetics, mechanism of action, low-dose-response relationships, and human exposure patterns. Each of these assumptions is supported to some extent by the scientific literature. The following assumptions are generally accepted in risk assessment strategies ... 

The combination of the health-relevant time-window and the toxicokinetic properties of the agent of interest determine the optimal exposure assessment strategy. Dioxin, a contaminant of chlorophenoxy herbicides and fungicides, has a relatively long biological half-life, estimated at about seven years and is measurable in serum. Serum measurements of dioxin are therefore relatively stable, and simple first-order kinetics have been used to back-estimate serum dioxin levels on the basis of an occupational history. Such exposure data have been used quite successfully in epidemiological analyses of cohorts of pesticide producers (Hooiveld et al, 1998). 

Despite the fact that few epidemiological studies with quantitative exposure assessment data are available for pesticide exposure, more insight is now present on how the optimal exposure assessment strategy might look. In particular, the use of determinants of exposure studies, as reviewed recently, and their application in health-based exposure estimation, seems a promising approach that can solve many of the problems associated with pesticide exposure assessment in agriculture. This approach will be of use in both occupational and domestic epidemiological studies on this topic. 

The three-stage data classification strategy has been developed primarily during the MR and pathological assessment of the six separate organs summarized below. The stages were developed either as an improvement of the strategy per... 

The impact of reference data issues on the patient (and therefore the associated clinical risk) is very difQcult to predict. Clearly it depends on the nature of the functionality that the reference data supports. What is important is that reference data is considered as part of every hazard assessment and that controls are developed. Typically this would include a reference data management policy and/or data migration strategy. 

The presented model can be used for efficient data screening for various types of encounters as well as for the comparison of traffic situations from various time epochs. The latter is especially relevant, as changes have been made, and the effect of these changes needs to be quantified in a post assessment strategy. 

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