Data Acquisition Electronics

The fluidized bed used in this study was constructed from a 190-mm (7.5-in.)-i.d. plexiglass tube. The air distributor was made of sintered plastic plate with nominal pore spacing of 90 p. 

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The optical fiber radiation probe system (OFPS) is used to verify irradiated bundles in the spent fuel bay of CANDU stations (Rim et al. 2006). The OFPS consists of a scanning actuator, an optical fiber scintillator coupled to a flexible optical liber, data acquisition electronics, and a PC. 

An ion detector. A sensitive ion detector and associated data acquisition electronics is critical to achieve the requisite overall detection sensitivity in PTR-MS. 

Measurement Systems Data Acquisition Electronics and Software... 

Therefore it is reasonable to prepare already the data acquisition for a three dimensional evaluation in cone-beam-technique by means of two-dimensional detectors. The system is already prepared to integrate a second detector- system for this purpose. An array of up to four flat panel detectors is foreseen. The detector- elements are based on amorphous silicon. Because of the high photon energy and the high dose rates special attention was necessary to protect the read-out electronics. Details of the detector arrangement and the software for reconstruction, visualisation and comparison between the CT results and CAD data are part of a separate paper during this conference [2]. 

Direct time-dependent detection is limited by the response time of detectors, which depends on the frequency range, and the electronics used for data acquisition. In the most favourable cases, modem detector/oscilloscope combinations achieve a time resolution of up to 100 ps, but 1 ns is more typical. Again, this reaction has been of fiindamental theoretical interest for a long time [59, 60]. 

The ion detection system consists of a high-gain electron multiplier and the signal digitizing system, along with a computer for data acquisition and manipulation. 

To date, the usual way of recording the LEED pattern is a light-sensitive video camera with a suitable image-processing system. In older systems movable Earaday cups (EC) were used which detected the electron current directly. Because of long data acquisition times and the problems of transferring motion into UHV, these systems are mostly out of use nowadays. 

In both electron post-ionization techniques mass analysis is performed by means of a quadrupole mass analyzer (Sect. 3.1.2.2), and pulse counting by means of a dynode multiplier. In contrast with a magnetic sector field, a quadrupole enables swift switching between mass settings, thus enabling continuous data acquisition for many elements even at high sputter rates within thin layers. 

Analyzers especially equipped to handle noise are required for most industrial applications. There are at least three commercially available microprocessor-based analyzers capable of acquiring data below 600 cpm. These systems use special filters and data-acquisition techniques to separate real vibration frequencies from electronic... 

The spectrometer was a Physical Electronics Model 548 modified for emplacement in a glovebox so that actinide samples could be examined. Spectra were taken using AIK radiation (1486.6 eV). The overall energy resolution of tne spectrometer was 1.2 eV using an analyzer pass energy of 25 eV. The spectrometer control was interfaced to a Nicolet 1180 minicomputer providing automatic data acquisition and analysis capability. 

GC-MS operated in electron impact (El) mode was only sporadically used for the determination of some UV filters such as 4-MBC, EHMC, and OC. Separation was achieved on a 60 m x 0.25 mm i.d. DB-5 column, with 0.25-pm film thickness. For quantification of the compounds, data acquisition was performed in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode recording three characteristic ions per compound. GC-MS allowed the differentiation between the two isomers (cis/trans) for 4-MBC and EHMC. 

The commercialization of inexpensive robust LED and laser diode sources down to the uv region (370 nm) and cheaper fast electronics has boosted the application of luminescence lifetime-based sensors, using both the pump-and-probe and phase-sensitive techniques. The latter has found wider application in marketed optosensors since cheaper and more simple acquisition and data processing electronics are required due to the limited bandwidth of the sinusoidal tone(s) used for the luminophore excitation. Advantages of luminescence lifetime sensing also include the linearity of the Stem-Volmer plot, regardless the static or dynamic nature of the quenching mechanism (equation 10) ... 

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