Dapsone antibacterial

NaHC03 / C2H5OCH2CH2OH Dapsone (antibacterial leprostatic) 100°C / 32 hours... 

Dapsone (Avlosulfon) is a member of a class of chemical agents known as the sulfones. Dapsone is especially effective against M. leprae and is used with rifampin as the primary method of treating leprosy. Dapsone appears to exert its antibacterial effects in a manner similar to that of the sulfonamide drugs that is, dapsone impairs folic acid synthesis by competing with PABA in bacterial cells. Primary adverse effects associated with dapsone include peripheral motor weakness, hypersensitivity reactions (skin rashes, itching), fever, and blood dyscrasias, such as hemolytic anemia. 

Toxoplasmosis Lymph nodes many organs and tissues Pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine [see antimalarial drugs] other antibacterials [clindamycin] Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole another agent [azithromycin, clarithromycin, atovaquone, or dapsone]... 

HHLocher, H Schlunegger, PG Harman, P Angern, RL Then. Antibacterial activities of epiroprim, a new dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, alone and in combination with dapsone. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 40 1376-1381, 1996. 

Clofazimine is used in the treatment of lepromatous leprosy. including dap.sone-resistant forms of the di.sca.se. In sidition to its antibacterial action, the drug appears to possess anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects that are of value in controlling neuritic complications and in suppressing erythema nodosum leprosum reactions associated with lepromatous leprosy. It is frequently used in combina-iion with other drugs, such as dapsone or rifampin. 

Several sulfoxides and sulfones are biologically active examples include diaryl sulfones, e.g. dapson (89) (Figure 3). This is an antibacterial agent because it acts as a PABA antagonist like the sulfonamide drugs (see Chapter 11, p. 223). Other diaryl sulfones, e.g. tetradifon (90), are used as acaricides to control spider mites on plants. 

It may also have ANTIPSYCHOTIC activity, dapiprazole hydrochloride dapiprazole. dapitant [inn] (RPR 100893) is a substituted isoindole, a TACHYKININ RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST, selective for the NK,-receptor subtype. It has potential as an ANTIMIGRAINE AGENT, dapsone [ban, inn, usan] is a sulphone with actions similar to SULPHONAMIDES and with ANTIBACTERIAL activity. It can be used as an antileprotic and for infective dermatitis herpetiformis. and is being investigated for the treatment and prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (e.g. in AIDS), daptomycin [ban, inn, usan] is an (aminoglycoside) antibiotic. It has antibacterial properties. 

Topical dapsone, exhibiting antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, is being investigated for effectiveness in the treatment of... 

The antibacterial sulfonamides have a very interesting relative, dapsone (9.77), the most used drug in the treatment of leprosy. Sulfadiazine, and the majority of antibacterial sulfonamides, have been shown to inhibit the relevant enzyme (dihydrofolate synthetase) best if in the form of the anion. However, dapsone is not capable of ionization, but forms an ion-dipole bond to the enzyme. The result is a milder agent with minimal side effects during the many long years that a cure of leprosy requires. 

It is important to note that many non-sulfonamides are known that can compete with j AB (/ -aminobenzoic acid). The most used of these is dapsone 9.17), 4,4 -di(aminophenyl)sulfone, the sheet anchor of all leprosy therapy. Others contain no sulfur atom, but have the requisite steric and electronic resemblance to pAR. For example, the insertion of a chlorine atom into either the 2- or the 3-position of pAR makes an active anti-pAB substance (Wyss, Rubin and Strandskov, 1943). Diaminobenzil 2.15) is several times more active against bacteria than sulfanilamide, and is reversed by / AB (Kuhn, Weygand and Moller, 1943). Again,/ -aminobenzenearsonic acid, atoxyl 6.2) has a typical sulfanilamide-like action (Albert, Falk and Rubbo, 1944). Although, in general, arsonic acids are not antibacterial, atoxyl forms an exception because it resembles pAR sufficiently, sterically and electronically, to compete with it. 

Drugs implicated 3-Lactams other antibacterials NMBDs some NSAIDs quinolones mAbs proton pump inhib s P-Lactams quinine quinidine sulfonamides NSAIDs procainamide gold carbamazepine propylthiouracil ticlopidine P-Lactams ciprofloxacin sulfonamides lincomycin tetracycline NSAIDs carbamazepine allopurinol gold methyldopa mAbs NSAIDs p-lactams othCT antibiotics anti-convulsants antimalarials local anesthetics barbiturates quinolones dapsone... 

The antibacterial sulfone, dapson 8 is effective in the treatment of leprosy and malaria. It acts by a similar biochemical mechanism to the other sulfa drugs and... 

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