Melanomas, cutaneous malignant

Bittner, M., et al., "Molecular Classification of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma by Gene Expression Profiling," Nature, 406, 536-540 (2000). 

Hieken TJ, Ronan SG, Farolan M, et al. Beta 1 integrin expression a marker of lymphatic metastases in cutaneous malignant melanoma. Anticancer Res 1996 16(4B) 2321-2324. 

MM = multiple myeloma ATL = adult T-cell leukemia ALL = acute lymphoblastic leukemia CLL = chronic lymphocytic leukemia FCC = follicular center cell lymphoma DLC = diffuse large cell lymphoma TRB = T-cell rich B-cell lymphoma ALCL = anaplastic large cell lymphoma MALT = mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type lymphoma LC = lung cancer CMM = cutaneous malignant melanoma TCC = transitional cell carcinoma CSCC = cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. 

FIGURE 1.5. Unusual prominent vasculature at the base of a primary cutaneous malignant melanoma. Courtesy of G. E. Pierard. For a color representation of this figure, see Plate 1A facing this page. 

Holman CDJ Armstrong BK (1984) Cutaneous malignant melanoma and indicators of total accumulated exposure to the sun An analysis separating histogenetic types. J Natl Cancer Inst, 73 75-82. 

Clear cell sarcoma (CCS) was formerly thought to represent a primary soft tissue counterpart of cutaneous malignant melanoma. Nonetheless, it is now known that CCS exhibits a consistent and characteristic t(12 22) chromosomal translocation that is not shared by mela-nocytic lesions of the skin. This neoplasm is typified by an epithelioid and/or spindle cell constituency, with a delicate fibrovascular stroma and clear or lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm. Melanin pigmentation may or may not be observed. 

Fernando SS, Johnson S, Bate J. Immunohistochemical analysis of cutaneous malignant melanoma comparison of SlOO protein, HMB-45 monoclonal antibody, and NKI/C3 monoclonal antibody. Pathology. 1994 26 16-19. 

Reed JA, Finnerty B, Albino AP. Divergent cellular differentiation pathways during the invasive stage of cutaneous malignant melanoma progression. Am J Pathol. 1999 155 549-555. 

Henrique R, Azevedo R, Bento MJ, et al. Prognostic value of Ki-67 expression in localized cutaneous malignant melanoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2000 43 991-1000. 

PSA has been found to stain scattered tumor cells from cutaneous malignant melanoma and its metas-tases." This should not create a diagnostic dilemma because prostate cancers are strongly and diffusely positive with LMW keratin antibodies such as CAM5.2, which is another illustration of the necessity of examining tumors with a panel of antibodies. 

Monteagudo C, Martin JM, Jorda E, Llombart-Bosch A. CXCR3 chemokine receptor immunoreactivity in primary cutaneous malignant melanoma correlation with clinico-pathologic prognostic factors. J. Clin. Pathol. 60 596-9, 2007. 

So far, attempts to treat cutaneous malignant melanomas by PDT have not been successful (Fritsch et al., 1998 Kalka et al., 2000 Morton et al., 2002), supposedly... 

The relationship between UV-B radiation and skin cancer is by now well documented and accepted. The US EPA has estimated that each 1 % decrease in stratospheric ozone concentration will result world wide in a 2% rise in cutaneous malignant melanoma. Among the Asian and Pacific region, people of many countries, such as Australia, New Zealand, South Pacific Islands, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, etc, are the most vulnerable to the exposure of UV-B radiation. For example, between 1980 and 1991, when the growth of CFCs production was the maximum, melanoma cancer registration rates in New Zealand increased by 22% (ESC AP, 1995). 

C., Glatfelter, A., Pollock, P, Carpten, J., Gillanders, E., Leja, D., Dietrich, K., Beaudry, C., Berens, M., Alberts, D., Sondak, V., Hayward, N., and Trent, J. M. (2000). Molecular classification of cutaneous malignant melanoma by gene expression profiling. Nature 406, 536-540. 

Walter SD, Marrett LD, Shannon HS, From L, Hertzman C (1992) The association of cutaneous malignant melanoma and florescent light exposure. Am J Epidemol 135 749-762 Weinberg RA (1991) Tumor suppressor genes. Science 254 1138-1146... 

Cerroni, L., Soyer, H.P., and Kerl, H. (1995). bcl-2 protein expression in cutaneous malignant melanoma and benign melanocytic nevi. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 7 7, 7-11. 

Salti, G.I., Manougian, T, Earolan, M., Shilkaitis, A., Majumdar, D., and Das Gupta, T.K. (2000). Micropthalmia transcription factor a new prognostic marker in intermediate-thickness cutaneous malignant melanoma. Cancer Res. 60, 5012-5016. 

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