Customer classes

Rates are then designed to recoup the revenues for each of the customer groups. Rates can be based on the amount of consumption or the type of service. Consumption-based rates arc cither flat, or increasing or decreasing in steps. Service-based rates depend on the type of service a utility offers its customer classes firm rates, lifeline rates, interruptible rates, stanby rates, various incentive rates, or time-of-use rates. 

Customer Class - Categories of energy consumers, as defined by consumption or demand levels, patterns, and conditions, and generally included residential, commercial. Industrial, agricultural. 

Duenyas, I. 1995. Single Facility Due Date Setting with Multiple Customer Classes. Management Science 41(4), 608-619. 

In [67], Ha extends this work to consider multiple customer classes that differ in their demand, delay costs, and service costs. For an M/G/s processor sharing queue, he shows that a single fee dependent on the time in the system can coordinate the system, and for an M/G/1 FIFO server, coordination can be effected through a pricing scheme that is quadratic in time of service. 

The fundamental tradeoff in lead time quotation is between quoting short lead times and attaining them. In case of multiple customer classes with different capacity requirements or margins, this tradeoff also includes capacity allocation decisions. In particular, one needs to decide whether to allocate future capacity to a low-margin order now, or whether to reserve capacity for potential future arrivals of high-margin orders. 

Setup times/costs When changing from one order (or one customer class) to another, there may be a transition time. Most of the current literature on DDM ignores setup times. 

I. Duenyas. Single facility due date setting with multiple customer classes. Management Science, A A) 60%-6 9,1995. 

R. Kapuscinski and S. Tayur. Reliable due date setting in a capacitated MTO system with two customer classes. Working Paper, GSIA, Carnegie Mellon University. 

Figure 9.3 also shows classes for representing products and customers. Classes representing global and local control mechanisms are abstract classes and their elaboration is case specific. 

User/customer class Playboy for men, Johnson Johnson for doctors, families User research Customer loyalty... 

Product/service concept User/customer class... 

Working-grade thermometers, conventionally called industrial resistance thermometers, are generally smaller than the SPRT element and may be as small as 2.5 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length. These are available in various 0°C resistances, eg, 100, 200, and 500 Q. They are available as unsheathed elements or in a wide variety of sheaths and enclosures, both standard and custom. They are relatively inexpensive. They are usually made to be interchangeable, without relying on iadividual cahbration, within limits of 0.25 K or closer upon special order. A typical tolerance statement for a precision-class industrial resistance thermometer is... 

As indicated above, industrial wastewater contains avast array of pollutants in soluble, colloidal, and particulate forms, both inorganic and organic. In addition, the required effluent standards are also diverse, varying with the industrial and pohutant class. Consequently, there can be no standard design for industrial water-pohution control. Rather, each site requires a customized design to achieve optimum performance. However, each of the many proven processes for industrial waste treatment is able to remove more than one type of pollutant and is in general applicable to more than one industry. In the sections that follow, waste-treatment processes are discussed more from the... 

Weight Code Customer s Specifications D2-1G Tamp Class ... 

Differences in design can be denoted by grade or class but can also be the result of poor attention to customer needs. It is not enough to produce products that conform to the specifications or supply services that meet management s requirements. Quality is a... 

In order to become a world class producer you may need to reduce nonconformities, improve customer feedback, improve skill training, improve product reliability, reduce quality costs, etc. 

The Detection of Artificial Esters in Essential Oils.—The custom of valuing certain essential oils, such as lavender, bergamot, geranium, petit-grain, etc., by the determination of their ester-content, has led to the use of scientific adulterants in the form of artificial esters which have been deliberately employed for the purpose of misleading the analyst. Of course, the ester determination is not a true criterion of value, as most of this class of oUs owe their perfume value to various other bodies as well. The first compounds of this nature employed for adulteration were ethyl succinate and ethyl oxalate. For the detection of these in lavender oil the foUowing test was proposed by Guildemeister and Hoffman —... 

Experteam(SM) services SDRC s ExperTeam services—a world-class engineering organization—provides integration, customization and implementation services,... 

It does have a number of draw backs. It has poor thermal stability (a property common to most formaldehyde release biocides) and, in some instances, may cause blackening of metalworking fluid concentrates if heated above 50°C for a period of time. Recently, this active ingredient was placed on Annex 1 of the Dangerous Substances Directive having been identified as a potential skin sensitiser. This means that formulations containing efficacious levels of this class of triazine in them would have to be labelled with R43 - may cause sensitisation by skin contact. This is unacceptable to many UK customers. As this material is only bactericidal, it needs to be co-formulated with a fungicide to provide complete protection for a product. 

A chiral GC column is able to separate enantiomers of epoxy pheromones in the Type II class, but the applications are very limited as follows a custom-made column packed with a p-cyclodextrin derivative as a liquid phase for the stereochemical identification of natural 3,4- and 6,7-epoxydienes [73, 74] and a commercialized column of an a-cyclodextrin type (Chiraldex A-PH) for the 3,4-epoxydiene [71] (See Table 3). The resolution abilities of chiral HPLC columns have been examined in detail, as shown in Table 7 and Fig. 14 [75,76, 179]. The Chiralpak AD column operated under a normal-phase condition separates well two enantiomers of 9,10-epoxydienes, 6,7-epoxymonoenes and 9,10-epoxymonoenes. Another normal-phase column, the Chiralpak AS column, is suitable for the resolution of the 3,4-epoxydienes. The Chiralcel OJ-R column operated under a reversed-phase condition sufficiently accomplishes enantiomeric separation of the 6,7-epoxydienes and 6,7-epoxymonoenes. 

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