Cushman study

The classic Barber-Cushman model treats the root surface as a smooth solid cylinder. Yet many experimental studies have shown that root hairs are important for the uptake of some nutrients, e.g., P (25,26). Various mathematical models for root hairs have been used (5,27,28), which all differ slightly in the way in which root hairs are modeled. Most authors conclude that root hairs make a substantial contribution to uptake, particularly for relatively immobile nutrients. 

In their study The production of available potash from the natural silicates, A. S. Cushman and G. W. Coggleshall reviewed the methods which have been proposed for extracting water-soluble potash salts from natural silicates. These may be arranged in three groups. There is a dreadful monotony in various patents, for in spite of their great number, very rarely does a novel principle appear which offers any promise of success. 

Cushman WC, Reda DJ, Perry HM, Williams D, Abdellatif M, Materson BJ. Regional and racial differences in response to antihypertensive medication use in a randomized controlled trial of men with hypertension in the United States. Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. Arch Intern Med 2000 160 825-831. 

Studies to isolate the peptide components of BPF were initiated by Ferreira and in the Squibb Institute by Ondetti and Cushman. Similar BPF activities were observed in the venom of the Japanese viper Agk-istrodon halys blomhoffi, and the active peptides (A through E) in it were identified at Osaka University by Kato and Suzuki (79-81). 

One of the most active associations in B-ring is -3 - OH, 4 - OMe. The four most active flavonoids in Beutler et al. [21] have this association of substituents and they say that the requirements for the B-ring may be quite stringent and when these substituents are reversed (-3 - OMe, 4 -OH) cytotoxicity decreases notably. We can observe the same results in two flavonoids assayed on six tumour cell lines by Shi et al. [53]. The first one has -3 - OH, 4 - OMe in its B-ring and shows, for example, IC50 values of 0.045 and 0.055 pM on KB and P-388 respectively and the second one, with the only difference of these substituents reversed, show IC50 values of 8.38 and 6.52 pM on the same cell lines. Cushman and Nagarathnam [14], who studied 55 flavones in five cancer cell cultures, said that all five flavones with -3% 5 - OMe, 4 [(t-... 

Materson BJ, Reda DJ, Cushman WC. Department of Veterans Affairs single-drug therapy of hypertension study Revised figures and new data. Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperahve Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. Am J Hypertens 1995 8 189-192. 

Hassan, A.E., J.H. Cushman, and J.W. Delleur. 1997. Monte Carlo studies of flow and transport in fractal conductivity fields comparison with stochastic perturbation theory. Water Resour. Res. 33 2519-2534. 

In a fish study, gallium completely inhibited hatching of carp eggs (Hildebrand and Cushman 1978). 

Butler, A. M., and Cushman, M., Distribution of ascorbic acid in the blood and its nutritional significance. J. Clin. Invest. 19, 459-467 (1940). Butterworth, C. E., Jr., Baugh, C. M., and Krumdieck, C., A study of folate absorption and metabolism in man utilizing carbon-14 labeled polyglutamates synthesized by the solid phase method. J. Clin. Invest. 48, 1131-1142 (1969). Carter, D. E., Goldman, J. M., Bressler, R., Huxtable, R. J., Christian, C. D., and Heine, M. W., Effect of oral contraceptives on drug metabolism. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 15,22-31 (1974). 

Cushman WC, Evans GW, Byington RP et al. For the ACCORD study group. Effects of intensive blood pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2010 362 1575-1585. doi 10.1056/NEJMoa1001286. 

K. J. Mukamal, M. Cushman, M. A. Mittleman, R. P. Tracy, D. S. Siscovick (2004) Alcohol consumption and inflammatory markers in older adults the Cardiovascular Health Study., 4r/ -erosclerosis, 173, 79-87. 

R.J. Cushman, P. M. McManus, S. C. Yang, Spectroelectrochemical study of polyaniline - the construction of a pH-potential phase-diagram, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 1987, 219, 335. 

Many researchers have conducted in vitro studies on the potential anticancer activity of flavones and flavonols in diverse cell systems. An array of 55 flavones having a variety of substituents was evaluated by Cushman and Nagarathnam for cytotoxicity in five cancer cell cultures, A-549 lung carcinoma, MCF-7 breast carcinoma, HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma, SKMEL-5 melanoma, and MLM melanoma [151]. Other reports also revealed that flavones and flavonols exhibited cytotoxicity in vitro to many human cell lines, including esophageal cancer cells [152, 153], colon cancer cells [154, 155], hepatoma cells [156, 157], prostate carcinoma cells [158, 159], and cervical carcinoma cells [160, 161],... 

The existence and location of anodes and cathodes in a corrosion cell can be demonstrated by the changes in color of certain reagents. Such color changes have been very helpful in the early days of corrosion science to study the local interplay of local anodes and cathodes on apparently homogeneous steel surfaces exposed to a corrosive environment. As noted by Cushman and Gardner in their 1910 textbook, it is a matter of common observation that iron usually corrodes rapidly at certain weak points in an effect known as pitting [24]. 

Jones RA, Rustidge DC, Cushman SM (1984) Pyrrole studies XXX A critical evaluation of the Knorr synthesis of trifluoromethylpyrroles and the reactivity of diethyl 4-trifluoromethyl-2-methylpyrrole-3,5-dicarboxylate. Synth Commun 14 575-584... 

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